Inflow: Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems and Habitats

To celebrate 50 episodes, Inflow flips the format: instead of interviewing a guest, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff sit down to interview each other. Between them they bring over 60 combined years of aquatic animal life support systems experience — Joe's path runs through Brookfield Zoo, Albuquerque Aquarium, San Diego Zoo, and SeaWorld Abu Dhabi, while Dr. Jeff's began in October 1989 at Walt Disney World's The Living Seas before moving through Walt Disney Imagineering and independent LSS consulting. This milestone conversation traces how a casual chat on a bus to a zoo conference turned into a podcast documenting the history of the LSS field, and digs into the technical topics that have defined both hosts' careers: denitrification (batch vs. continuous flow, carbon sources, and digester design), wetland and salt marsh filtration, the early days of ozone and ORP chemistry in seawater systems, and the shift from operating life support systems to designing them — including how CFD modeling shapes sump and skimmer placement today. Along the way, Joe and Dr. Jeff share the career stories behind the science: a midnight resume drop at Brookfield Zoo, a round-the-world trip after the Navy, a PhD finished on a Thursday and a start date at Disney the following Monday, and a 30-year full-circle trip through the Persian Gulf. Whether you're an LSS operator, designer, or aquatic life support enthusiast, this episode is a rare, candid look at how two very different paths led to the same field — and what both hosts have learned about designing, building, and operating the systems that keep aquatic life thriving. This episode is brought to you by Aquatic Equipment and Design , Cloward H2O , and Longhorn Organics — thank you for supporting Inflow and the LSS community. Inflow is the podcast where we discuss all things related to aquatic animal life support. Subscribe, leave a review, and find more episodes, show notes, and sponsor info at https://inflowlsspodcast.com/ . Chapters (0:51) Episode 50 Milestone (1:36) Origins of the Inflow Podcast: The Bus Ride at the AALSO Conference (4:25) Joe's Background: Navy, Backpacking, and Landing the Brookfield Zoo Job (6:12) Navy and Military Backgrounds Shaping LSS Careers (16:40) Joe's Career Path Through Albuquerque Aquarium and San Diego Zoo (17:48) Dr. Jeff's Background: PhD and Starting at Disney's Living Seas in 1989 (22:58) Ozone and ORP: History and Chemistry (29:27) Denitrification Deep Dive: Batch vs. Continuous Flow, Carbon Sources, Digesters (35:34) Wetland and Salt Marsh Filtration, Steady-State Nitrate (37:22) Dr. Jeff's Path Through Walt Disney Imagineering and Independent Consulting (EEG) (42:14) LSS Design vs. Operations: Why Joe Moved into Design (49:23) CFD Modeling for LSS Design (50:45) Joe's Move to SeaWorld Abu Dhabi and Construction-Phase Realities (52:52) Dr. Jeff's Broader Environmental Design Work: Coatings, Substrates, HVAC, Penguin Habitats (56:05) Closing Advice

What does 27 years of aquatic life support experience actually teach you about designing, building, and operating exhibits that work? On this episode of Inflow, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Matt Regensburger of Tenji Aquarium Design to trace his path from life support operator at the St. Louis Zoo, to a high-intensity, 24-hour operation at Georgia Aquarium, to helping open St. Louis Aquarium right before COVID hit — and finally into design-build work with Tenji. Matt breaks down the real differences between zoo-based and aquarium-based life support systems, from control platforms and floor layouts to the culture shock of moving from a 90-acre zoo campus to a high-speed, multi-floor aquarium. He and the hosts dig into what it means to be involved in a project from concept through design, construction, and startup — and why that full-circle experience changes how you troubleshoot. The conversation also covers Tenji's design-build approach, how the team uses Revit for clash detection, working with performance specs, coral and reef system design (calcium reactors vs. automated dosing), and how Tenji partners with owners who range from expert aquarium curators to first-time operators at restaurants and science centers. Matt closes with his advice for anyone starting out in life support: be curious, ask questions, and watch out once you've got a year of experience under your belt. Whether you're an LSS operator, an aquarium design professional, or just curious about what it takes to keep a 7,500-gallon reef tank running, this episode offers a rare look at the full lifecycle of an aquatic life support project. Guest: Matt Regensburger, Construction Project Manager, Tenji Aquarium Design Inflow is the podcast where we discuss all things related to aquatic animal life support. This episode is sponsored by Ardura and Matt LSS. Subscribe, leave a review, and find more episodes, show notes, and sponsor info at https://inflowlsspodcast.com/ . Chapters (3:40) Guest Introduction: Matt Regensburger of Tenji Aquarium Design (4:28) Matt's Background: St. Louis Roots and Becoming an Aquarist (5:17) Early Career at the St. Louis Zoo Life Support Department (7:41) Working with Aging, Historic Facility Infrastructure (10:29) The Move to Georgia Aquarium (12:00) Zoo vs. Aquarium Life Support: Control Systems and Layout (15:30) Moving into Management at Georgia Aquarium (17:04) Returning to St. Louis to Help Open St. Louis Aquarium (27:15) The COVID Shutdown Right After Opening (27:57) Introducing Tenji Aquarium Design and the Design-Build Model (29:30) Integrating with Other Design Disciplines via Revit and AutoCAD (30:44) How Tenji Finds and Lands Projects (33:32) Coral and Reef System Design: Dosing, Calcium Reactors, and Birch Aquarium (36:26) Working with First-Time Owners and Performance Specs (42:48) Closing Advice: Be Curious, Be Careful (44:54) Outro and Sign-Off

Inside the Aquarium of the Boardwalk: Life Support Lessons with Alex Hunter What does it take to build and operate the life support systems for one of America's newest public aquariums? In this episode of INFLOW , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber are joined by Alex Hunter , Director of Life Support at the Aquarium of the Boardwalk, for an in-depth conversation about launching a modern aquarium from the ground up. Alex shares his career journey, the challenges of commissioning a brand-new life support system, and the lessons learned from balancing innovative design with the day-to-day realities of aquarium operations. The discussion explores aquarium filtration, water quality management, life support engineering, startup commissioning, equipment selection, troubleshooting, and the importance of collaboration between designers, contractors, and operators. Whether you're an aquarium professional, life support system engineer, aquatic animal specialist, or simply fascinated by the science behind world-class aquariums, this episode offers practical insights into creating stable, healthy environments for aquatic life and the people who care for it. In this episode, you'll learn about: Launching the Aquarium of the Boardwalk Life support system (LSS) design and commissioning Aquarium filtration and water quality management Startup challenges and operational lessons Collaboration between engineers and aquarium operators Best practices for maintaining healthy aquatic habitats Career advice for aspiring LSS professionals (3:14) - Meet Alex Hunter (6:55) - Moving Up by Moving On (10:18) - Mirage to Mandalay Bay (11:41) - Mammal vs Fish Systems (13:23) - Startup Staffing Realities (16:14) - Turnover and Training Legacy (19:07) - Aquarium of the Boardwalk Systems (21:59) - Power Failures and Backup Generator (26:28) - Filtration System Layout (27:38) - Drum Filters Deep Dive 3 (32:34) - Sand Filters Backwash (36:36) - CapEx and Risk Mitigation (40:18) - Isolation Valve Project (42:35) - AALSO Community Impact (46:03) - Certification Career Ladder (47:35) - Advice for New Operators Thanks to Our Sponsors This episode of INFLOW is made possible by our sponsors: MDM Pumps – A trusted leader in high-performance pumps engineered for demanding aquatic life support applications. MDM Pumps delivers reliable, energy-efficient solutions that help aquariums, zoos, and aquatic facilities maintain exceptional water quality. Telchine – Providing advanced automation and control solutions for aquarium life support systems, Telchine helps operators monitor, optimize, and manage critical LSS processes with precision, reliability, and real-time insights. Subscribe to INFLOW for conversations with the leading experts shaping the future of aquatic animal life support systems, aquarium engineering, filtration technology, water quality science, and aquatic habitat design.

What does it take to design life support systems for some of the world's most ambitious aquariums? In this episode of INFLOW , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Nurettin Ersu , founder of MAT LSS , to explore the engineering philosophies, innovative filtration technologies, and practical lessons that are shaping the next generation of aquatic life support systems. Drawing from decades of experience designing and commissioning aquarium projects around the world, Nurretin discusses the evolution of aquarium filtration , advances in life support system (LSS) design , balancing water quality with operational efficiency, and the importance of creating systems that are both reliable and sustainable. The conversation also dives into engineering challenges, international collaboration, emerging technologies, and what today's designers and operators should consider when planning future aquatic facilities. Whether you're an aquarium professional, life support operator, engineer, aquatic veterinarian, consultant, or student entering the field, this episode offers valuable insights into the science and engineering behind healthy aquatic environments. In this episode, you'll learn about: Modern aquarium life support system (LSS) design Aquarium filtration innovations and engineering principles Water quality management and biological filtration Designing reliable, efficient aquatic systems Lessons learned from international aquarium projects The future of aquarium engineering and aquatic animal life support (3:30) - Meet Nurettin and MAT Growth (17:07) - Skid Systems and Client Support (29:06) - Supply Chain Lead Times (32:05) - Seaworld Mega Project Lessons (40:12) - Training Operations And US Market Subscribe to INFLOW for conversations with the leading experts in aquarium engineering, aquatic animal care, water treatment, and life support systems. New episodes feature industry leaders sharing practical knowledge, technical expertise, and real-world solutions for public aquariums, zoos, research facilities, and aquatic professionals worldwide.

What does it take to build a career that spans aquaculture, exhibit construction, life support systems, and executive leadership? In this episode of INFLOW , hosts Joe and Dr. Jeff sit down with Dane Tullock to explore a career shaped by curiosity, collaboration, and a passion for advancing the aquarium industry. Dane shares how his journey from aquarist to aquarium executive gave him a unique perspective on life support systems (LSS), facility design, and the critical role aquarists play in successful projects. The conversation explores why owner involvement is essential during aquarium planning and construction, how husbandry and engineering teams can work together more effectively, and the lessons learned from decades of designing, building, and operating aquatic facilities. Whether you're an aquarist, LSS operator, engineer, designer, or aquarium leader, this episode offers valuable insights into career development, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the future of public aquarium operations. In this episode: Dane Tullock's career path from aquarist to executive leadership Why aquarists should have a seat at the design table Best practices for aquarium and life support system (LSS) design Bridging the gap between husbandry, engineering, and operations Lessons from aquaculture, exhibit construction, and public aquariums Advice for the next generation of aquarium professionals (2:58) - Meet Dane (10:33) - Grad School and Aquaculture (13:14) - Virginia Aquarium Expansion (17:41) - Ripley's Myrtle Beach Build (27:03) - Sixth Sense and System Balance (30:43) - Next Stop Gatlinburg (35:34) - Leaving Ripley's Path (38:48) - Burnout and REI Shift (41:12) - Back to Ripley's Toronto (44:14) - Transfer and Florida Return (50:19) - Planning and Overtime Lessons (55:01) - Renovations and Conservation Focus (58:42) - Career Advice and Wrap-Up INFLOW is the podcast for professionals working in aquarium life support systems, water quality, aquatic engineering, and public aquarium operations. Subscribe on Apple Podcasts and Spotify for conversations with the industry's leading experts on LSS design, operations, maintenance, and innovation.

What if you could predict water quality problems before they happen? In this episode of INFLOW, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Paul Cooley , Aquatics Director at PC Aquatics and Senior Engineer with Ardurra, along with Chris Carr , Director of Life Support Systems at Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific, to explore a groundbreaking new tool for the aquatic animal life support industry: a comprehensive Life Support System (LSS) computer model . Drawing on real-world data from Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific, Paul and Chris discuss how advanced modeling is being used to simulate and predict critical water quality parameters, including dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, pH, alkalinity, carbon dioxide, phosphorus, temperature, and more. The conversation explores how digital modeling can help operators troubleshoot system performance, optimize filtration processes, improve emergency preparedness, and even influence the design of future aquariums and aquatic facilities. The group also examines how data-driven decision-making, predictive analytics, and emerging AI technologies could transform aquatic animal life support operations by helping facilities conserve water, save energy, improve sustainability, and provide healthier environments for animals. Whether you're an LSS operator, aquarium engineer, aquatics professional, zoo professional, consultant, or student entering the field, this episode offers a fascinating look at the future of aquarium water quality management and the next generation of life support system design. Topics covered include: Life support system (LSS) computer modeling Aquarium water quality prediction Dissolved oxygen (DO) management Nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus cycles Aquarium design and engineering Life support troubleshooting Sea otter habitat water quality Predictive analytics for aquariums AI applications in aquatic animal life support Sustainable aquarium operations (0:27) - What Innovation Means (4:10) - AALSO Conference Meetup (5:25) - Paul's Water Quality Model (7:34) - Long Beach DO Case Study (12:32) - Operator Simulation Tool (15:03) - Troubleshooting DO Systemwide (19:44) - Design and Sustainability Uses (24:16) - Future Features and Data Needs (27:06) - CO2 vs Turbidity Priorities (29:56) - Animal Health Data Ideas (32:55) - Long Beach Testing Roadmap (37:40) - Iterating the Model Interface (38:46) - Sponsor Break - Longhorn Organics (42:53) - Chris Carr Otter DO Crisis (45:35) - DO Mapping and Backwash Tradeoffs (48:53) - Beyond DO Coliform Predictions (50:45) - Data Call and Wrap Up Subscribe to INFLOW for conversations with the leaders, engineers, scientists, and operators shaping the future of aquatic animal life support systems. Stay connected at https://inflowlsspodcast.com

In Part 1 of this special AALSO 26 series, the INFLOW podcast welcomes Chris Carr and Sean Bourgeois for an in-depth conversation on the evolving world of aquarium life support systems, aquatic engineering, and large-scale facility operations. From system design and project execution to troubleshooting complex aquatic environments, Chris and Sean share real-world insights from the front lines of the aquarium industry. Hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber explore the challenges of balancing engineering, water quality, animal care, and operational efficiency in modern aquariums and aquatic facilities. This episode dives into practical lessons learned from major projects, the importance of collaboration between operators and designers, and the future of life support innovation. Whether you work in aquarium operations, aquatic engineering, water treatment, zoological facilities, or life support system design, this episode delivers valuable perspectives from two respected voices in the industry. Topics include: • Aquarium life support systems (LSS) • Aquatic engineering and system design • Water quality management • Aquarium operations and maintenance • AALSO 26 insights and industry trends • Large-scale aquatic facility projects • Collaboration between designers and operators • Lessons learned from the field (0:31) AALSO 26 Highlights (7:29) - Origins of AALSO (12:12) - Chris Carr Career Path (16:22) - Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific Overview (20:32) - Saltwater Loop and Staffing (23:46) - Life Support and Water Quality (25:12) Sponsor Break: MDM Pumps (30:47) - Sean Career Path (34:10) - Big Tanks Expansion (40:32) - Saltwater Intake Process (43:00) - Salinity And ORP Talk (44:35) - Drum Filters And Day Tanks (50:06) - Biggest Operational Challenges (52:41) - Conference Takeaways Subscribe to INFLOW for conversations with leading experts in aquarium engineering, aquatic animal care, and life support technology. Stay connected at inflowlsspodcast.com

In this episode of the INFLOW podcast, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Zack Behrendt of American Sealants, Inc. for an in-depth conversation about the critical role acrylic plays in modern aquarium design, aquatic animal life support systems, and large-scale habitat construction. From massive viewing panels and underwater tunnels to structural bonding, waterproofing, and long-term maintenance, Zack shares expert insight into the engineering challenges behind public aquariums, zoos, marine mammal habitats, and aquatic exhibits. The discussion explores how acrylic technology has evolved, why proper sealing and installation are essential for animal safety and water quality, and how operators and designers can avoid costly failures in aquarium infrastructure. Whether you work in aquarium life support systems (LSS), aquatic engineering, exhibit fabrication, public aquarium operations, or marine construction, this episode delivers valuable knowledge on acrylic systems, aquarium maintenance, exhibit longevity, and the intersection of engineering and animal care. Topics include: Aquarium acrylic panel installation Sealants and waterproofing systems Public aquarium construction Life support system design Structural engineering for aquatic exhibits Acrylic maintenance and repair Marine habitat infrastructure Water containment solutions Aquarium operations and design collaboration Challenges in large-scale aquatic facilities (2:50) - Meet Zack (5:27) - ASI Services Overview (9:07) - Design Coordination and Engineering (11:11) - Glass vs Acrylic Tradeoffs (14:21) - Sealing and Support Details (16:24) - Catastrophic Failures and Inspections (22:13) - Common Leaks and Dye Testing (27:33) - Underwater Seal Repair Methods (30:19) - Polishing and Scratch Tiers (34:16) - UV Aging and Refill Rate Rules (43:25) - Robots and Cleaning Tech (45:55) - Chemical Do and Dont List (48:00) - Career Advice and Wrap Up INFLOW is the podcast dedicated to aquatic animal life support systems, aquarium engineering, water quality, and the professionals advancing the public aquarium industry.

In this episode of Inflow , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber welcome Tori Sipos , the Facilities & Maintenance Manager at Riverbanks Zoo and Garden . Tori shares her journey through the industry, moving from hands-on technician roles at the Georgia Aquarium to leading the broader facilities team at a premier zoo and garden. We explore the transition from "turning wrenches" on life support systems to managing the high-level logistics of an entire facility's infrastructure. Tori provides a unique look at the day-to-day responsibilities of a manager, from budgeting and administrative planning to ensuring the mechanical integrity of systems that support both animals and guests. Key topics discussed in this episode: The Path to Management : Tori's progression from an entry-level technician at the Georgia Aquarium to a leadership role at Riverbanks Zoo and Garden. Life at the Zoo : The unique challenges of overseeing facilities and maintenance in a zoo environment and the importance of a dedicated, specialized team. The Evolution of the Role : Shifting focus from daily LSS maintenance to long-term project planning, facility coordination, and departmental leadership. Building a Team Culture : The importance of mentorship, open communication, and fostering a "team-first" mentality in a high-stakes environment. Advice for Aspiring Operators : Why "putting in the work" and being a reliable team player are the best ways to advance in the aquatic life support and facilities world. Whether you are a technician looking to move into management or simply fascinated by the infrastructure required to run a world-class zoo and aquarium, Tori Sipos offers invaluable insights into the "human" side of facilities engineering. (2:38) - Tori's Career Path (4:02) - Dive Ops and Exhibit Work (6:49) - Penguin System Breakdown (8:25) - Otter System and Maintenance (10:40) - Water Quality Challenges (11:34) - Grizzly Pool and Glass Media (16:09) - Sea Lion System Overview (17:16) - RMF Perlite Filter Explained (22:36) - Maintenance and Cost Tradeoffs (25:25) - Sea Lion Clarity Wins (28:29) - Saltwater Wetlands Design (33:38) - After Hours Monitoring (41:17) - Advice and Wrap Up Learn more about our sponsors: Dryden Aqua Integrated Aqua Systems Visit them at inflowlsspodcast.com/sponsors .

In this episode of Inflow , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Veronica Thompson , Manager of Water Quality and Life Support at the Houston Zoo . Veronica takes us through her fascinating career "arc," from her beginnings as a biologist studying algae under a microscope to managing some of the most sophisticated aquatic systems in the country. We dive deep into the operational realities of transitioning from world-class aquariums like Mystic Aquarium and The Florida Aquarium to the unique, multi-taxa challenges of a major zoo. Veronica shares how she tackled the commissioning of the Houston Zoo's "Ferrari" of life support systems—the Galapagos expansion —while animals were already in the habitat. Key topics discussed in this episode: The Learning Curve : How a background in phycology and marine sciences translates to wiring pumps and diagnosing complex hydraulic failures. Regional Challenges : From utilizing "heat tape" to survive Connecticut winters to barging in 300,000 gallons of pristine seawater from the middle of the Gulf of Mexico. Zoo vs. Aquarium LSS : Managing "moats," animal runoff, and the unique stormwater management requirements of a 100-year-old facility. The "Sand-Filter-Less" System : A technical breakdown of using hex drum filters and Defender (perlite) filters to maintain 35+ feet of visibility in a sea lion habitat. The Ozone "Bug" Turned Feature : How an unintended air entrainment issue led to a revolutionary way to keep perlite filters clean using ozonated water. Advice for the Next Generation : Why curiosity, a lack of ego, and listening to animal keepers are the most important tools in an LSS operator's belt. Whether you are interested in the granular details of perlite filtration or the high-level strategy of managing discharge permits and stormwater watersheds , this episode offers a masterclass in adaptive aquatic engineering. (1:52) - From Marine Studies to LSS (4:34) - Nature vs Closed Systems (6:45) - Texas State Aquarium (8:01) - Tackling Algae Problems (9:50) - Mystic Aquarium Winter Lessons (14:11) - Florida Aquarium and Coral Work (15:56) - Barging Seawater Explained (18:40) - Coral Systems and Multi Species (21:40) - Why Houston Zoo Needed Her (24:44) - Finishing the Handover (27:31) - Moats and Legacy Filtration (31:12) - Outdoor Debris Challenges (33:37) - Stormwater and Wetlands (38:50) - Sea Lion LSS Breakdown (40:05) - Defender Perlite Filters (44:35) - Ozone Backflush Breakthrough (48:16) - Advice for New LSS Techs Learn more about our sponsors: Asahi/America Aquatic Equipment and Design (AED) Visit them at inflowlsspodcast.com/sponsors . Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com

When you move from a small "jewel tank" to a multimillion-gallon habitat, the rules of life support change. In this episode of Inflow , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber dive into the world of megascale aquatic systems with industry veteran Steve Kaiser . Steve shares his extensive experience managing some of the largest aquarium systems in the world. The conversation explores the unique physics of massive water volumes, where the luxury of "dilution as a solution" meets the intense challenge of maintaining crystal-clear turbidity over long viewing distances. In this episode, we discuss: The Challenges of Scale: How managing massive systems like those at SeaWorld Abu Dhabi differs from standard aquarium operations. Water Quality & Clarity: Navigating the "path length" problem and how to keep water clear enough for guests to see through 50+ feet of depth. The Operator's Instinct: Why "spinning a wrench" and hands-on troubleshooting are still the most important skills, even in highly automated, high-tech facilities. Learning the Trade: Steve's perspective on why an LSS degree is a start, but true expertise is only built by operating systems on a daily basis. Troubleshooting Megasystems: Using voltmeters, backwashing filters, and knowing your system inside and out to prevent small issues from becoming multimillion-gallon problems. About Our Guest: Steve Kaiser is a renowned expert in the life support industry, recognized for his hands-on leadership and technical mastery in operating and scaling some of the most complex aquatic environments globally. Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com Sponsors: This episode is proudly sponsored by Cloward H2O and MAT LSS . Subscribe: Be sure to subscribe and leave us a review on Apple Podcasts or Spotify to help other LSS professionals find the show! Keywords: Life Support Systems, LSS, Steve Kaiser, Cloward H2O, MAT LSS, Large Scale Aquariums, Water Quality, Turbidity, Aquatic Engineering, Zoo Operations, AALSO, SeaWorld Abu Dhabi, Multimillion Gallon Tanks.

Is life support systems (LSS) a science, a trade, or an art? According to industry veteran Ray Davis, it's a delicate balance of all three; driven by curiosity and critical thinking. In this episode of Inflow , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Ray to discuss the "human element" of aquatic habitat management. With a career that spans design, engineering, and hands-on operations, Ray shares why the most successful exhibits aren't just built with the best hardware, but through deep collaboration between LSS operators and animal care teams. From applying the scientific method to troubleshooting complex systems to the importance of "patience with the passion" of curators, this conversation explores what it really takes to keep animals thriving and water healthy. In this episode, we discuss: The "Jack of All Trades" Mindset: Why versatility is the greatest asset for an LSS professional in a small, specialized community. Collaboration Over Conflict: Strategies for bridging the gap between technical operators and passionate animal care staff to reach a common goal. The Scientific Method in LSS: How to use critical thinking and risk assessment to solve "unsolvable" water quality and mechanical problems. Training the Next Generation: Ray's perspective on finding "gifted people" in unexpected places and teaching them the components of life support. AALSO Symposium Preview: The value of face-to-face education and building relationships with vendors and peers at the upcoming conference in Kansas City. Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com Sponsors: This episode is proudly sponsored by TJP Engineering and Telchine Energy Technologies. Subscribe: Catch every episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app to stay at the forefront of aquatic life support innovation. Keywords: Life Support Systems, LSS, Ray Davis, Aquatic Animal Care, TJP Engineering, Telchine Energy Technologies, Water Quality, Exhibit Design, Zoo Operations, AALSO, Critical Thinking, Scientific Method.

Success in aquatic animal care isn't just about water chemistry—it's about the "bricks and mortar" that hold everything together. In this episode of Inflow , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with industry veteran Steve File, a long-standing leader and former board member of AALSO. With decades of experience in facility operations and life support systems (LSS), Steve shares his perspective on why the LSS field is broadening to include everything from HVAC and electrical systems to complex concrete and rockwork fabrication. This conversation is a masterclass in bridging the gap between design, construction, and long-term operational success. In this episode, we discuss: The Evolution of LSS: How the role of the life support operator has expanded from water quality to total facility infrastructure management. Strategic Facility Planning: Steve's insights on "building for longevity" and why getting the structural details right, like rebar placement and concrete cover, is critical for animal health. The "Operator as Educator": Why LSS professionals must take the lead on job sites to ensure contractors understand the unique requirements of aquatic habitats. Career Growth & Education: Steve's advice for the next generation of operators, including the value of cross-training in trades like HVAC and plumbing. The AALSO Community: A look ahead at the upcoming symposium in Kansas City and the importance of establishing face-to-face relationships with vendors and peers. About Our Guest: Steve File is a highly respected figure in the aquatic animal industry, known for his leadership within the AALSO board and his deep expertise in the operational and structural side of zoo and aquarium facilities. (2:17) - Steve's Early Life and Military (4:52) - Water Skiing Show Stories 0 (9:50) - First Aquarium Breakthrough (14:24) - Startup Gremlins and Troubleshooting (18:51) - Hiring and Building the Ops Team (23:06) - Designing Gatlinburg Upgrades (26:07) - Choosing Filtration Direction (30:07) - Concrete Lessons Learned (32:58) - Aquatic Self Healing Mixes (38:57) - Coatings Versus Bare Concrete (42:44) - Training Crews Pour Controls (46:50) - Consulting and Startup Work (51:39) - Final Thanks and Wrap Up Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com Sponsors: This episode is brought to you by Ardura and MDM Pumps. Subscribe: Follow us on Apple Podcasts and Spotify to stay updated on the science of aquatic life support. Keywords: Life Support Systems, LSS, Aquatic Habitats, Facility Management, AALSO, Zoo Infrastructure, Aquarium Design, Animal Welfare, Water Quality, Concrete Fabrication, HVAC for Aquariums.

What happens when the worlds of facility management and life support systems (LSS) collide? In this special episode of Inflow , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber take the show on the road to the Aquarium and Zoo Facilities Association (AZFA) conference to explore the critical infrastructure that keeps aquatic habitats thriving. While LSS operators often focus on water chemistry and filtration, the AZFA community handles the "bricks and mortar", from roofing and HVAC to the structural integrity of massive exhibits. Joe and Jeff sit down with a panel of experts to discuss the unique challenges of maintaining animal environments, the importance of inter-organizational collaboration, and the evolving science of exhibit aesthetics. In this episode, we discuss: The Role of the AZFA: Understanding how the Aquarium and Zoo Facilities Association supports the professionals who build and maintain the physical world of zoos and aquariums. Collaboration Across Disciplines: Why facility managers, curators, and LSS operators must speak the same language to ensure animal welfare and operational efficiency. The "Healthy Water" Aesthetic: A deep dive into the debate over surface algae vs. crystal-clear water, and how to educate guests on what a natural, healthy aquatic environment actually looks like. Exhibit Maintenance Challenges: Real-world stories from the field, including managing polar bear and sea lion habitats, and the impact of light and shade on exhibit growth. Continuing Education: Insights from the AZFA symposium on how professional development and networking drive innovation in the industry. Featured Guests: A special thanks to our guests from the AZFA community: Holly Dempsey, John Kanzia, Robert Satchell, John Hale, and Shannon Cunningham. (1:39) - What Is AZFA (4:58) - Why Attend AZFA (10:59) - Design Assist and Four Pillars (14:06) - End Users in Design (17:57) - A Day in the Lab (24:00) - Controls and Sustainability (33:18) - Hogle Zoo LSS Tour (39:21) - Thanks and Wrap Up Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com Sponsors: This episode is proudly sponsored by Aquatic Equipment and Design (AED) and Dryden Aqua. Subscribe: Catch every episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app.

In this episode of INFLOW: Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems and Habitats , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber are joined by Andy Aiken , Director of Life Support Programs at the National Aquarium in Baltimore , for a practical, operations-first conversation on designing and running aquarium life support systems (LSS) that truly work in the real world. Andy shares decades of hands-on experience managing complex aquatic systems and explains why successful LSS design must start with the operator's perspective . The discussion covers critical topics including denitrification strategies, ozone application, water quality management, redundancy, and long-term system reliability , with a strong focus on lessons learned from daily operations—not just drawings and specifications. Listeners will learn: Why operator input is essential in LSS design and decision-making Practical approaches to denitrification and nutrient control How ozone is used safely and effectively in large aquarium systems Common gaps between design intent and operational reality How systems thinking improves animal welfare and facility performance (2:31) Meet Andy Aiken (5:59) Music detour (9:22) Breaking into the National Aquarium (10:14) Denitrification 101 (15:57) Reactor design deep dive (22:50) Operational strategy & decision checklist (26:09) Ditching Chlorine (31:40) The "Aiken Sump" Explained (38:27) Consulting Roles & the Power of Operator-Led Design Review (44:35) Final Advice for New LSS Pros + Closing Thanks Whether you're an LSS operator, engineer, designer, aquarist, or facility leader, this episode delivers actionable insight into building and maintaining life support systems that are resilient, maintainable, and animal-centered .

In this episode of INFLOW: Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems and Habitats , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber welcome Todd Devlin-Perry , President of AALSO and Life Support Manager at Mystic Aquarium , for a deep dive into modern aquarium operations, workforce development, and the future of aquatic life support systems (LSS) . Todd shares his journey from plumbing and pool construction to managing 2.4 million gallons of synthetic seawater at one of the country's leading aquariums. The conversation explores large-scale LSS design , backwash recovery systems, ozone disinfection, SCADA automation, and the hidden infrastructure required to support marine mammals and aquatic habitats. The episode also highlights AALSO's critical role in education, certification, and professional networking , including how conferences, workshops, and hands-on training are shaping the next generation of LSS operators. Listeners will learn: How Mystic Aquarium manages complex closed-loop life support systems Why backwash recovery and water reuse are essential in modern aquariums The intersection of engineering, biology, and animal welfare How AALSO certification and conferences advance LSS careers Practical advice for entering the aquatic life support industry Whether you're an aquarist, LSS technician, engineer, or zoo and aquarium professional, this episode delivers real-world insight into the systems—and people—that keep aquatic life thriving. (00:00) - Introduction and Acknowledgements (03:57) - Todd's Journey into LSS (06:17) - Challenges and Innovations in Aquarium LSS (08:32) - Mystic Aquarium: Operations and Systems (15:25) - Synthetic Seawater and Backwash Recovery (26:11) - Rescue and Rehabilitation Operations ( 29:38) - Evolution of LSS Operations (32:02) - Involvement in AALSO and Professional Growth (36:03) - Planning and Organizing Conferences (42:19) - Certification and Venue Selection (48:05) - Advice for Aspiring LSS Operators Stay connected at https://inflowlsspodcast.com/

In this episode of INFLOW: Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems and Habitats , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber welcome Trevor Erdmann , Vice President of AALSO and Senior Aquarist at the Hatfield Marine Science Center , for an in-depth conversation on the evolving role of aquarists as life support system (LSS) operators . Trevor shares how modern aquarists are increasingly responsible for water quality, filtration, system troubleshooting, and operational decision-making , blurring the lines between husbandry and engineering. The discussion explores the importance of education, hands-on training, and professional certification , and how organizations like AALSO are helping shape consistent standards across the industry. Listeners will learn: Why aquarists play a critical role in day-to-day LSS operations How education and certification pathways support safer, more reliable systems The skills today's aquarists need beyond animal care How improved training directly impacts animal welfare and system performance What the future holds for LSS workforce development Whether you're an aquarist, LSS operator, engineer, or aquatic facility leader, this episode offers valuable insight into how training, certification, and cross-disciplinary collaboration are shaping the future of life support systems. Stay connected at https://inflowlsspodcast.com/ (00:00) Introduction and Sponsors (01:06) Role of an Aquarist (04:12) Trevor's Background (09:57) Building the Living Planet Aquarium (15:11) Custom Skid Systems and Water Quality (24:14) Involvement with AALSO (27:46) Dual Certification Tracks: LSS and Water Quality (31:37) Hands-On Training and Equipment Maintenance (33:53) Student Success and Career Placement (39:33) Role of Education and Training Committee (47:14) Advice for Aspiring Professionals (50:36) Conclusion and Final Thoughts

In this episode of INFLOW: Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems and Habitats , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Joe Poniatowski of Asahi/America for a deep, experience-driven conversation on life support systems (LSS) design, operations, and reliability . Joe shares a unique career journey that spans submarine systems, industrial piping, and public aquariums , offering rare insight into what happens when systems fail—and how smart design choices can prevent it. The discussion covers real-world lessons from HDPE and thermoplastic piping , pressure management, redundancy, automation limits, and why human decision-making remains critical in high-stakes aquatic environments. In this episode, you'll learn: What submarines and aquariums have in common when it comes to life support reliability How piping materials and system layout impact long-term LSS performance Why automation alone isn't enough to prevent failures Common design and operational mistakes—and how to avoid them How experience in operations shapes better engineering and material selection Whether you're an LSS operator, engineer, designer, or facility manager, this episode delivers practical, hard-earned insights into building systems that protect animals, people, and facilities when failure is not an option .

In this episode of INFLOW: Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems and Habitats , hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber are joined by Joe Choromanski , President of Serviette , for a wide-ranging conversation on what it takes to design, operate, and scale aquarium life support systems (LSS) across multiple facilities. Drawing on decades of experience in public aquariums, Joe shares lessons learned from overseeing large, complex aquatic systems , comparing artificial and natural seawater , and adapting LSS designs to different climates, budgets, and operational realities. The discussion explores how early design decisions affect long-term reliability, animal welfare, and operating costs. Listeners will learn: Key principles for designing LSS at scale across multiple aquariums Operational differences between artificial and natural seawater systems How to balance innovation, standardization, and site-specific needs Common challenges in multi-facility aquarium operations—and how to avoid them Why experience-driven design leads to more resilient aquatic systems Whether you're an LSS engineer, aquarium operator, facility leader, or designer, this episode delivers practical insights into building durable, scalable, and biologically sound life support systems that stand the test of time.

In this episode of the INFLOW podcast , we explore how modern Life Support Systems (LSS) go far beyond filtration and plumbing. Joined by Gal Judah , Area Sales Manager at Georg Fischer , the conversation dives into the evolving role of LSS in zoos, aquariums, and aquatic facilities—where lighting, air quality, controls, and integrated infrastructure are just as critical as water. Gal shares his unique path into the LSS world through the skilled trades, offering insight into how electrical systems, advanced lighting technologies, piping solutions, and automation all intersect to support animal health, welfare, and operational reliability . The episode highlights how collaboration between operators, engineers, vendors, and designers is reshaping how facilities are built, upgraded, and maintained. Listeners will gain perspective on: How lighting and air systems directly impact aquatic and terrestrial habitats The growing technical skill set required of today's LSS professionals Why integrated system design is essential for long-term sustainability The role of manufacturers and vendors in advancing LSS innovation Whether you work in aquatic life support, zoo and aquarium operations, engineering, or facility management , this episode offers valuable insights into where the industry is headed and how rethinking LSS can lead to healthier animals and smarter facilities. 🎧 Subscribe to INFLOW on Apple Podcasts and Spotify for in-depth conversations on life support systems, aquatic engineering, and the professionals behind the world's most complex animal habitats . Stay connected at: https://inflowlsspodcast.com/