From A Dog's Eye View

**I am reposting this must-see podcast from last year in recognition of the 25th anniversary of 9/11/2001. This episode is dedicated to my guest, Gary Flynn; all of the Task Forces deployed with their search and rescue canines, including Ohio Task Force 1, and, most importantly, those who perished on September 11, 2001. This episode is also dedicated to the dog handlers and emergency crews who continue to suffer from the trauma they experienced during that time, as well as to the family members who continue to support their loved ones as they cope with the lasting mental and physical health effects. September 11 was the worst terrorist attack on U.S. soil. People were stunned and frightened as they watched the events unfold on their television screens. After the plot to destroy human lives and weaken American leadership had concluded on that horrific day, the largest call-up of emergency services occurred and FEMA task forces were deployed. One of the 26 FEMA task forces summoned was Gary Flynn and Ohio Task Force 1. I highly recommend listening to this podcast where Gary describes, in detail at times, how the events impacted him and his 5 year old Belgian Malinois, Tascha. To say that this was an emotional podcast is an understatement. In fact, words cannot describe adequately the plethora of information that Gary was willing to share. Therefore, I am only going to write about details in the best way possible to help break down the magnitude of that day, and the months and years to follow. This is also the platform where I can share photos that Gary took during his time there. Never did I think that I would meet and get to know someone who I could call my mentor and my friend, and someone who tirelessly worked at finding survivors with his personally trained professional dog. This was a war zone, no doubt about that. The way that Gary describes how he got the call while working his day job at BIOPLASTICS CO. in North Ridgeville, Ohio, is already uniquely different than the majority of us who watched the news that day in our homes. He was called up and ready to go like any soldier summoned to war. We all remember exactly where we were when we found out about the first plane slamming into the World Trade Center. None of us dreamt this was part of a much bigger plot to wreak devastation on a such a grand scale. We were able to watch the events on tv in the security of our homes. However, the first responders and those called up to search for survivors had to risk their lives and the lives of their beloved and highly trained canines. Out of the 72 people in Ohio deployed by FEMA, only 4 dog handlers and their canines were chosen to go. Three of the four handlers were from OSDA (Gary’s search and rescue dog agency). The fourth handler, Terry Trepanier was a veteran firefighter and paramedic from Washington Township, shown in the picture below with his dog Woody. There were many more qualified people ready and willing to go serve, but were not chosen by the federal government to assist. FEMA plans for disasters similar to this and whatever they decide is not to be debated or contested. Gary talks about how much the love and support from those not selected to go was an immeasurable support system while being there. FEMA requested that the canines to be deployed be live human finds only. Gary had a cadaver dog, Felix, fully trained and ready to go, but that was not what was needed from Ohio Task Force 1. There were Task Forces from other states who received the order for trained cadaver dogs. However, Gary’s dog Tascha, exhibited an aversive behavior whenever she would come across cadaver parts. She would shrug her body in such a way that it was almost an actual alert signal. Gary had specifically trained her to go past any cadavers and only focus on the live human scent. Gary and Tascha worked 12 hour shifts, but it never ended at the 12th hour. If they were commanded to search a specific area of “the pile” (which was approximately 40 stories high) and they kept finding more openings within that pile to investigate, they did not quit just because their shift was up. They continued until there was no more area left to search . If it required to rappel blindly into a dark hole, then that’s what they did. Sending his dog in first with no leash and no collar to find survivors caused fear and anxiety that cannot be verbally described. “I can tell you what it was like, but I have no way to tell you how it feels” Gary Flynn Gary and Tasha weren’t always working the pile. Sometimes they were commanded to search the surrounding buildings. A badly damaged structure assigned to Gary and Tascha was the Merrill Lynch Financial Center, pictured below. They had to climb 51 flights of stairs with no lights to guide them and search every inch for survivors. What they found was mostly plane pieces, cadavers, luggage and clothes. Gary says that the job always starts from the top on down, instead of the other way around. That way, when you are all done with the search, you can just exit the building. One of my questions to Gary was about using protective gear for himself and his dog. Gary had all the protective gear needed for a toxic environment like the one at Ground Zero. He knew what he could be exposed to because he was a certified environmental hazard specialist. However, the protective gear got in the way when navigating through narrow passages with sharp objects all around. He wished he could have worn the gear all the time, but it wasn’t feasible. Tasha did not wear any boots for her paws. She managed okay without them. She did endure a large burned area on her chest, not from direct fire, but from abrasions caused by squeezing in between and crawling through so much rubble. The wound healed up, but the fur never grew back. She lived until the ripe old age of 17. She was a cancer survivor on top of all that. It was too difficult to say that the cancer was due to her exposure to chemicals at Ground Zero, but living 13 years after the event is pretty astonishing! Gary is beyond grateful to the Veterinary Medical Assistance Teams dispatched by FEMA to Ground Zero to provide medical care to the hundreds of search and rescue dogs on site. Tascha became dehydrated to the point where she needed to have intravenous fluids pumped into her. The VMAT teams provided the prompt assistance required to get Tascha back on her paws again. Another question I asked Gary was if dogs experience PTSD. He believes they do but it is because those dogs were not properly trained or they were not the type of dog that could handle the stress from search and rescue work. Just like not all dogs make good service dogs, not all dogs are cut out to make effective search and rescue dogs. The stamina and prolonged self motivation required for this kind of work is not present in all dogs. The dogs who have been correctly trained succeed and love what they do. Their handlers reward them with play time whenever they can sneak in a few minutes of downtime. Sometimes, due to the tasks at hand, the only reward was their handler’s voice praising them. Other times, down time meant rest time. Catching a few Z’s had to be squeezed in there too! Another amazing feature of the search and rescue dog is their ability to provide loving and caring support to their handlers and emergency staff members. Gary said there were plenty of them crying into their beloved dog’s fur. Dogs provide comfort that humans cannot. It’s just different. Gary is eternally grateful to so many people, but most importantly, his wife and young daughter. Returning from any search and rescue mission is difficult to resume a normal routine, but coming back home from Ground Zero was especially challenging. The trauma of seeing so much death and destruction can make it hard to carry on. Gary encourages anyone experiencing trauma to seek help. PTSD manifests itself in so many disguising ways. Seeking professional help is crucial to learning how to resume mundane chores and a “normal” lifestyle. You want things to be the way they were, but it’s impossible when you have changed because of this traumatic event in your life. I want to extend my humble and sincere gratitude to Gary for giving me the opportunity to talk about such an emotional subject. I feel deeply that our paths crossed at Petco because as fate would have it, one day I would have the platform for him to share his experience with all of you. So many people suffered, and sadly still suffer, from that sunny fall day 24 years ago that suddenly turned dark. Please be kind to all people. You don’t know what their story is. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Geese are beautiful birds with fascinating behavioral patterns that are interesting to observe. Their black heads and necks, along with their distinctive white-striped cheeks, make them especially striking to look at. I always stop to watch them up above when I see them in their infamous V-shaped flight pattern. However, they can be a nuisance to communities and businesses when they begin settling in large groups. In particular, the goose droppings are annoying to anyone walking on grass, sidewalks, or parking lots where they have been. Not only do the droppings carry diseases and present walking hazards, they can cause sickness in dogs if ingested. We all know how tempting animal feces are to dogs! Geese can also become aggressive while protecting their nests. They will hiss, pump their heads up and down, and charge at whatever is threatening their territory. My guest, Marci Hower, joined her husband, Jeff, in managing geese populations, after Jeff came up with the idea of using a resident Border Collie at the golf course where he worked, to scare away the geese that had settled there. Since he had success at the golf course, he started taking the dog other places and inquiring if he and his dog could chase away their resident geese for free. Jeff started exploring whether a business plan of using well trained dogs to chase geese away was a viable way to make a living. After all, this was a new concept in Ohio. It took about three years to establish a fully functional business. Finally, Ohio Geese Control (OGC) was formed in 2004, with the headquarters located in Cleveland. Initially, Jeff used the dog from the golf course with a binding agreement that the dog would live with Marci and Jeff. It is very important that the dogs used for this type of work live and bond with their handlers. When Jeff was ready to start the business, he purchased the dog, named Nick, from the golf course. Soon after that, they started adding to their pack. They learned that not all dogs are suitable for this type of work. The ones that were, became very effective in managing geese populations. Marci and Jeff have grown their company to servicing not only Cleveland, but also Akron, Canton, Toledo, Columbus, Cincinnati, and Dayton. There are currently 100 employees and 30 working dogs. When Ohio Geese Control is awarded with a contract in any of these areas, they search for the right dog in that area that can be accustomed to working with geese and can become a good family dog too. Sometimes, Marci and Jeff find dogs in nearby rescue agencies or farms. If they assess that the dog will fit this criteria, they will temporarily foster the dog until the employee has been trained and is ready to take on the dog. Ohio Geese Control exclusively uses Border Collies. A Border Collie’s work ethic, instinctual drive to herd but not hurt animals or birds, plus their intelligence, make them an ideal tool to use to effectively and humanely chase geese away. They also are structurally built to intimidate whatever they are herding. They stoop down low and possess a wolf-like glare that no other dog has. Geese instinctively view the dogs as predators causing them to want to fly away. When Marci and Jeff assess a dog, an important instinct to search for is the right intensity of prey drive. To review a subject I have mentioned in previous podcasts, prey drive is a dog’s instinct to track, chase and capture moving objects or animals. Stalking, herding, and chasing animals (in this case, geese) away are optimal instincts in Border Collies to capitalize on. Sometimes, farmers are willing to relinquish their Border Collies who aren’t intense enough to herd farm animals. These types of dogs can be perfect for geese control. They are more apt to not be aggressive towards the geese. Marci and Jeff do not want the dog to catch, kill, or consume the geese. A top priority of Ohio Geese Control is to keep the geese, dog, and members of the community they are servicing very safe. This is to be done with the utmost care to uphold their value as a company as a humane, safe and effective way to manage geese populations. Ohio Geese Control’s mission is to create a healthier, happier environment for everybody who uses the outdoors. They want you to enjoy the outdoors and to embrace nature. All animals, including the geese, have every right to be a part of that experience. OGC employees must respect the animals and birds whose territory they are entering by avoiding actions that threaten or harm them. However, geese can become a nuisance when they are aggressively protecting their nests and when their droppings are in our paths as we are out and about in nature. One single goose can produce a pound and a half of dropping per day! OGC may be successful in employing one of their strategies, such as their dogs, to successfully deter the geese from settling and staying in a particular area. They also may use a combination of strategies. Several ways to humanely and effectively chase geese away are: * using Border Collies * building fencing around the property where geese have settled * laying down wire lines over the water source * placing decoys such as fake coyotes on the property * using lights and green laser pointers recognized by the geese as a threat - especially useful when working with geese that have settled on rooftops of businesses. * operating remote controlled boats on the water * using EPA approved geese repellents made with food grade ingredients In order to be successful at dissuading geese from settling amongst inconvenient places, it is necessary to know their behavior, reproductive cycle and migration patterns. Some fun facts about Canada geese are: * They mate for life * A group of geese is called a gaggle * They molt, or lose their flight feathers, typically during the month of July and cannot fly during that time * They migrate to warmer climates in the fall and return to their place of birth in the spring * Resident geese stay on the property and do not migrate * Their lifespan is approximately 20 years * They lay approximately 2-8 eggs over a period of several days each spring with an incubation period of about 26 days OGC must have safety protocols in place when working with geese. Canada geese like other birds in the wild, can carry diseases through their droppings. Salmonella, E. coli, Listeria, and the bird flu can be contracted by humans and dogs. According to Marci, the bird flu has become more prevalent in recent years. It is transferred from bird to bird through the droppings or saliva. When a large group of geese are together in an area, there is more chance of spreading the bird flu if the flock is exposed. Therefore, using the dogs to disperse the flock is a very effective way to decrease the likelihood of the bird flu settling and spreading to the other geese. After the handler and dog have worked an area, they must sanitize their car, the crates used to transport the dogs and their shoes. They also must rinse the dogs’ pads with soap and water. They recommend having a set of shoes specifically for this work that are left at the front door and then enter their house. The handlers are also instructed to not touch or move an injured or dead bird since they may be suffering from any one of the diseases mentioned. Instead, it is advised to call a wildlife center for further instructions such as Lake Erie Nature & Science Center (440-871-2900) or The Ohio Division of Wildlife Customer Service Center at (1-800-WILDLIFE). An abundance of goose droppings can pollute soccer fields, ponds, and parks. Discourage your dog from eating the feces. If they do ingest enough of the droppings, they can get very sick from the bacteria and parasites in the droppings. If your dog does eat the droppings and starts to become lethargic, vomit and/or has diarrhea, call your veterinarian. Once geese settle in an area, they will not leave on their own, They must be encouraged to leave. If there is a food and water source and they have been there for a period of time, there is no reason for them to leave. There has to be some tactic to push them along, and most likely a dog will be the best tactic. OGC can dramatically lower the population within two weeks, sometimes, almost immediately, but they always come back. When a client hires OGC, it is an ongoing service. They can work an area 2-3 times per day to make sure there are no droppings. If they see droppings, but no geese, the handlers will know that the geese have been there. Therefore, they have to change up the time of day they visit the property. They may also change up their entrance to the area. What makes it tricky for the handlers is the geese get to know their cars, their uniforms, even their faces! The geese may leave once they see the handlers and dogs, but Marci prefers that the dogs chase them away instead of the handlers. Before Ohio Geese Control recently hired a dog trainer, Marci and Jeff worked together to train the dogs and their handlers to teach the dogs the commands they need to follow while working. When working with the dogs, Marci and Jeff discovered that the dogs also train each other. It is instinctual to have the dogs work in pairs as they navigate the movement of the geese. It is crucial to have very obedient dogs. Their life could depend on it. When the handler tells them “Lie Down”, they must lie down amongst the distractions of not only the geese but also any pedestrians walking by and watching. Sometimes when Marci and Jeff are working with new dogs, they may assess them for up to six months before they deem them appropriate for this type of work. If they don’t fit into their pack, they will send them back a better-trained dog that will be able to adjust to a family life. Some of the commands include: * “Come By” - to move around the geese in a clockwise direction * “Away to Me” - to move around the geese in a counter-clockwise direction * “Here” - to come back to the handler * “That’ll do” - to stop working and come back to the handler * “Lie Down” - to stop immediately and drop to the ground * “Walk Up” - to move closer or forward directly toward the geese * “Ch ch ch” - to encourage the geese to walk not fly away when they hear this sound and move in the opposite direction Another big part of having success at removing a gaggle of geese is to train the handlers. Everyone who is hired by OGC must go through a training period with a mentor. The length of time depends on how well they are adapting to the dog and the dog is adapting to them. During this mentoring period, safety of themselves, the dog, the geese, the goslings and the public are stressed. Sometimes the public is concerned that the geese are getting hurt when the dogs herd them and chase them away. The employees must be proficient in appropriate ways to answer questions like this. Handlers will shadow a mentor for the first couple of weeks. Then the mentor shadows the employee for two weeks to make sure the handler and the dog are working together efficiently and effectively. When OGC hires mentors for the handlers, one of the first modules of training they go through is cultural training, The managers must lead the handlers in a way that is not condescending or belittling when mistakes are made. Every OGC dog will work with four different people. The reason for this is everyone has a little different style and different energy. Their everyday handler may be indisposed and have to work with a different handler. Even though the handlers use the same commands listed above, the dogs must be adaptable and obedient with each person’s body language, delivery of commands, and reward methods. The preferred method of rewarding the dogs can be achieved by verbally praising the dogs through the handlers voice and body language. All dogs need to continue to be motivated. Remember, these dogs are working dogs. Their biggest reward is to herd and chase the geese away. That is more valuable than a treat! OGC strives to train their employees to be the leader of their dog. Border Collies are the smartest breed of dogs and the handlers need to stay one step ahead of them when communicating with them so as not to be taken advantage of. When dealing with highly intelligent and motivated dogs such as the Border Collie, draining their mental energy is just as important as draining their physical energy. If they are not provided with an outlet to do so, they will create their own jobs (not in a positive way) and even become destructive. Marci says the type of presence that is necessary in each handler is not to dominate the dog, but they must be respected as the dog’s leader and remain obedient to them. “Our dogs are so smart that if they knew how to drive a car, we wouldn’t need handlers!” - Marci Hower Ohio Geese Control has consistently been voted by their employees as a top 10 place to work in pest control in the state of Ohio. Marci and Jeff have 100 employees, but they feel like they are all family to them because they have a lot in common: they are easygoing, love nature, love dogs and love their work. OGC has an employee engagement program where they arrange events so the employees can meet each other and share stories about working with their dogs. They plan pizza parties, a Dog Olympics day, where the dogs compete for the best goose chaser, and fundraisers. OGC even has a big goose mascot! For more information about OGC, please visit their website at: ohiogeesecontrol.com. They also can be found on Facebook and Instagram. Once again, I have to say that dogs are amazing beings in so many ways. When dogs have jobs to do, such as in this case, chasing geese away, their lives are enriched and fulfilled. This leads to a more balanced dog because their needs of exercise, discipline and affection are being provided for by their handlers. Plus, an added bonus - their cuteness!! Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Nutrition is defined as the process of consuming, absorbing, and using nutrients from food that is necessary for growth, development, and maintenance of life. In my July 15, 2026 podcast, I provided information about what must be included in the meals we provide for our pets in order for them to survive. I like to go a step further and add food that is nutritionally more beneficial to their diet so they can not only survive but thrive and live a happy and healthy life. Of course, hereditary and environmental factors can influence the expression of diseases. However, I believe healthy nutrition can stunt and even suppress the onset of these diseases. In part one, I focused on the four main components humans, dogs and cats need to sustain life: protein, carbs, fat, water, vitamins and minerals. If the quality or quantity of any one of these components is substandard, health issues can arise. In this episode, I will explain how this leads to an inflammatory response, which leads to an imbalance in your immune system. I will also guide you through a process you can follow in order to make the best food choices for your dogs and cats. Over 15 years ago, I had several appointments with Dr. Debbie Decker, a holistic vet in Westlake, Ohio, to give me professional advice on what to feed my cats. As I mentioned in part one, it was because of my cats that I started to look into finding out if it was the food that was making them vomit so often. I also started to follow a nationally renown holistic vet, Dr. Karen Becker. She has a website with frequent articles about animals - focusing especially on cats and dogs. She wrote a book which I recommend, “ REAL FOOD For Healthy Dogs & Cats”. It fine-tunes the amounts of protein, organ meat and supplements needed to prepare a balanced homemade diet for your cat or dog. I chose to embark on the journey of making my own cat food with the help of Dr. Debbie Decker because of all of the symptoms they were experiencing. Making your own food isn’t something you can just guess and make up as you go. Your pets have certain nutritional requirements that must be met or else metabolic issues can arise that can turn disastrous. Dogs have different requirements than cats. It is important to work with a vet who can best advise you on what and how much to feed your pet. I have simply outlined what has worked for my cats and dog, but your cat or dog may have specific health issues that require additional food groups and supplements. I remember making the switch from processed dry food, or kibble, to homemade food for my cats. I felt overwhelmed to the point where I almost gave up. I knew if I gave up, I would most likely have to deal with all the puke again! That was a big motivator for me to continue the transition. Another driving force to make the switch was learning that I can control the quality of meat I purchase that will be fed to my pets. When you purchase any kibble, unless it is labeled as “human grade”, the meat used is generally sourced from animals or animal parts that have been deemed unsuitable for human consumption under USDA regulations. A disclaimer reminder - I am not a veterinarian or a nutritionist. The information below is a result of my research and experience transitioning my cats and dogs to a more balanced, species appropriate diet. Let’s begin! In part one, I ended the episode describing the importance of healthy fatty acids. I mentioned that in order to preserve the integrity of the fats, proper storage is critical. Oxidation occurs when food substances are exposed to oxygen. For example, bananas oxidize as they ripen. When you cut into a banana, the end exposed to the air will turn brown. It actually has a different taste to it. Oxidation in pet foods causes: * the quality of nutrients to degrade * the foods with fatty acids to become rancid - can produce a distinct foul smell * the development of molds and mycotoxins - dogs can pick up on the scent of molds that we cannot see or smell and may refuse their food * insect infestations which can cause allergic reactions Mixed tocopherols are added by pet food manufacturers to slow down the oxidation process. They are a natural form of Vitamin E. Natural tocopherols are safe and beneficial to your pet. Whereas chemical preservatives like BHA and BHT are artificial. You will see tocopherols, BHA and BHT as an ingredient on the bag or box of food for your pet. As I stated before, I prefer to provide food that doesn’t have either one of these preservatives. Solutions to avoiding oxidation in pet food * Store food in its original bag off the floor and inside an airtight container * Store food for only 2-3 weeks * Store the remainder in freezer bags in your freezer * Look for a “Best Before” date on the unopened bag * Don’t force your pet to eat the food if he or she refuses, especially if you have left the food uncovered overnight * Maintain a consistent feeding schedule with your dog or cat. If they don’t eat all the food in one sitting, cover and refrigerate it. Avoid leaving out a dish of unfinished kibble Foods Never to Feed Your Pet * Onions - can cause anemia * Raisins and grapes - can lead to kidney failure * Macadamia nuts - toxic to pets * Chocolate, especially dark chocolate - contains caffeine and theobromine which can cause heart issues. This warrants a call or more likely an emergency visit to the vet if ingested. * Brewer’s yeast - can be allergenic * Fish high in mercury and raw fish - be aware of bones that can pose a choking hazard. Fried and/or seasoned fish is not healthy. The quantity of any one of these ingredients and the weight of your pet are really the key factors in these foods to avoid. If you have a medium to large sized dog, a few onions, grapes, raisins, or a milk chocolate candy bar are no reason to panic and rush your pet to the vet. Reasons Not to Give Your Dog Peanut Butter * Contains aflatoxins - naturally occurring mycotoxins, produced by the fungus Aspergillus, which causes cancer. * Contains harmful fats - hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oils (trans-fatty acids ) which cause inflammation. This is explained in more detail in the next few slides. * Contains sugar - make sure NO xylitol is present * Peanuts are a legume* *Legumes are plants with a pod, i.e. dry beans, peas, chickpeas, lentils, lupine and soybeans. They contain phytates and lectins which carnivores cannot break down due to a lack of the enzyme phytase. Phytates bind with minerals like zinc, iron, calcium, and magnesium and leech them out of a pet’s body. Just as in the foods to avoid above, it’s the dosage and size of your pet that matters. I used to give my Corgi peanut butter on a daily basis until I figured out that it caused him to vomit. Now, I just recommend almond butter to be on the safe side. A healthy alternative to peanut butter is almond butter. Almonds are a great source of Omega 3’s and a healthy fat. Almond butter is high in fat which can trigger stomach upsets or pancreatitis if given in large amounts. It can be a healthy way to help an underweight dog gain weight when fed in moderation. Controversial Additives in Pet Food and Treats * BHA/BHT - an antioxidant added to oils and fats to prevent oxidation. BHA has been classified as a possible carcinogen by several major health organizations. More research is needed to confirm this. * Carrageenan - derived from specific seaweeds that may cause and induce inflammation. * Natural Flavors - could be anything derived from plants, animals or mined sources. Always creating suspicion. However, they have to be deemed safe in order to be added to pet food. * TBHQ - a fat preservative to increase shelf life. Used as a stabilizer for explosive compounds and to make varnishes, lacquers, and resins. * Propylene Glycol - added to preserve moisture content. The FDA has banned it in cat food but not dog food yet. * Propyl Gallate - a preservative which may be able to mimic the negative effects of the female hormone, estrogen. More research is necessary. * Ethoxyquin - a chemical preservative with limited allowable uses in pet food and animal feed as an antioxidant to prevent fats and fish meal from going rancid. ** MSG is listed on the slide but I have never seen it as an ingredient in dog food or treats. Inflammation Inflammation is a body’s natural way to respond to infections, injuries, or ingested food and fluids. If left unchecked, it can cause long term health issues. There is acute inflammation, which is a short term injury, like a sprained ankle, that can heal back to its original state in a reasonable time. There is also chronic inflammation, which causes constant, longterm symptoms such as fatigue, mood changes, joint stiffness, digestive issues, and skin rashes. Factors contributing to chronic inflammation: * Incorrect choices of food for a particular species * Poor digestion - constipation, diarrhea, bloating * Environmental toxins - skin rashes, cancer * Stress - overactive “fight or flight” response, adrenaline and cortisol dumps * Imbalance of Omega 3 and Omega 6 fats - fatigue, joint discomfort, slow healing, dry skin * Antibiotics and Steroids - affect the balance of good and bad bacteria in your gut Examples of Inflammatory Foods for Cats and Dogs * Added and refined sugars - sweets, fruit juice, soda, table sugar * Legumes - chickpeas, lentils, navy beans, peas, peanuts, edamame * Starches - potatoes, rice, oats, corn, and wheat. Excludes sweet potatoes since they are a root vegetable * Grains - rice, corn, wheat, oats. Gluten free grains are an exception - quinoa, millet, buckwheat, amaranth, sorghum * Toxins in tap water - PFAS (chemicals in non-stick pans), lead, arsenic, nitrates, flouride is controversial * GMO foods (Genetically Modified Foods) - soybeans, sugar beets, corn, canola. Alternatives: organic foods, wild caught vs farm raised seafood * CAFO Meats ( Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation) - grain-fed beef, factory-raised chicken, and pork * Food additives - refer to list above Another reminder that the dosage of each one of these inflammatory foods for pets and the size of the pet must be taken into account. Immune System and Gut Health All living beings have an immune or defense system which varies amongst species. Our gut health is comprised of the stomach, small and large intestines. It is a complex system of good and bad bacteria. It regulates digestion, produces and metabolizes vitamins, and protects the body from infection. When the immune system is working properly and fighting off infections and foreign invaders, the result is a body functioning like a well oiled machine. We all have both good and bad bacteria in our gut, but the good is supposed to ward off the onset of the proliferation of bad bacteria. Even with an optimal balance of good and bad bacteria, we will have an immunological response to diseases that we contract from our environment. Our bodies will fight that disease until the body heals and is restored to health. It’s when our bodies are constantly in a deficit of good bacteria that we may experience digestive issues, illnesses and a degradation of our overall health. Causes of a Compromised Immune System * Nutrition - an unbalanced diet in protein, fat, and carbohydrates * Environment - toxins in the household, pesticides, cigarette smoke, plastics * Emotional - fight or flight response * Antibiotics, steroids, vaccinations, and other pharmaceuticals Solutions for Maintaining a Healthy Immune System * Transition to a more balanced, species appropriate diet of either fresh or raw food * Introduce a high quality probiotic - a wide variety of different strains of bacteria * Reduce environmental exposure to toxins - stay off of chemically treated lawns * Reduce stress - a lot easier said than done Benefits of a Balanced Diet * Healthier cells - ability to fight off disease * Healthier brains * Stronger hearts * Keeps extra weight off - quantity of food I feed my cat vs canned food * Reduced chance of common health issues * Reduced expression of genes that promote inflammation * Lower risk of cancer What to Look For When Choosing a Good Quality Kibble and Treats When looking for the best, most affordable food for your dog or cat, consult www.dogfoodadvisor.com. This website was founded by a dentist, Dr. Mike Sagman, in 2008 after he lost his dog to the effects of poor quality commercial dog food. He retired in 2023 but sold his information and website to Wag! They have reviewed over 5,000 brands of dog food and rated them based on a 5 star system. They will highlight controversial ingredients and advise of any recalls on a particular brand in Canada and the United States. When reading the ingredients of any dog or cat food, always look at the first five ingredients. They make up the largest portion of the food and are present in the greatest amounts. If there is “ chicken/turkey/lamb meal” as a top ingredient, this means that the meat has been rendered to the point where it is like a powder. The moisture and fat have been removed from the process. Treats are just as important as the kibble. Look for single ingredient treats like dehydrated salmon, chicken or beef. Stay away from hard treats that are made with wheat. There are gluten free hard treats. Small shaped bones are easy to handle for training purposes but they may have no nutritional value. They also may contain mystery meat: “Meat and Bone Meal”. Whenever you see this as an ingredient in treats or dog/cat food, stay away from it. You don’t know what kind of meat it is. Please keep in mind: No Dairy, No Corn, No Soy, No Legumes, and No Wheat. Rice is a common ingredient and is frequently listed among the first five ingredients in many dog foods. Rice is a starch and a complex carbohydrate. This means that when our bodies process it, it turns into sugar. It can provide energy when broken down by the body. However, yeast consumes the sugar and if the sucrose is consumed in great amounts, it can cause yeast infections. I covered this briefly in part one when I listed symptoms caused by certain foods. The excess yeast can cause itchy skin, yeasty ear infections, and Frito smelling paws. Some people think that brown rice is healthier for dogs than white rice. In my opinion, no matter what the color, rice is still a carbohydrate. As I mentioned before, dog and cat food are already high in carbohydrates. When rice is listed among the first five ingredients, it further increases the carbohydrate content of the food. I add peas and rice as ingredients to the five listed above to avoid when selecting a dog or cat food. How I Finally Settled on a Diet for Ebi When I brought Ebi home, I knew she was going to be over 100 lbs. That’s where I drew the line. I wasn’t going to cook and prepare 5-6 cups of food twice a day for her. I first tried to give Ebi Bil-Jac dog food. That’s what the breeder fed her Mom while she was pregnant. I had such great luck with it with Hank, my Corgi, that I gave it a shot with Ebi. To my surprise, I noticed that Ebi’s poop wasn’t as firm as it should be. It wasn’t mushy - it just wasn’t able to be picked up without leaving a schmear of it on the grass. I made sure she was tested for any parasites just in case that was causing her poop not to be firm. The tests were negative for parasites, so I figured it was something in the food. The proof is in the poop!💩 I then switched to a different kibble. I liked that food because it has ancient gluten free grains in it. However, Ebi started having digestive issues. She was spitting up bile and sometimes the whole food that never got digested. That was too reminiscent of Hank’s symptoms, so I consulted Dr. Debbie Decker, a local holistic vet, for advice. She suggested The Honest Kitchen and that is what Ebi has been on for the past 6 years. I change up the protein for variety. Her diet is below. She has been very healthy (knock on wood) for 8 years and we hope to get many more years out of her! I owe part of that to her breeder and the other part to her diet. Transitioning to New or Raw Food A very important thing to remember when changing foods is to take at least 7-10 days to slowly transition from the old to the new food. As you slowly introduce a little of the new food, subtract that same little amount from the old. Do this for two days. If no stomach issues arise, increase a little more of the new and take away the same amount of the old. Continue this over a period of a week to 10 days until there is no longer any old food in your dog or cat’s meal. “Start Low, Go Slow” - Dr. Karen Becker, DVM Follow this same transition regimen if switching to raw food. However, there are guidelines to follow depending on the age and health of the cat or dog. It is strongly advised to seek the guidance of an integrative or holistic vet with experience in introducing raw food. Older pets have difficulty changing from a processed diet to a raw diet. Their digestive systems are used to digesting the processed diet. Cats are that much more challenging. It took me a lot of patience and time when I transitioned all of my cats over to a raw and cooked, prepared diet. I almost gave up. It took many days just to add a teaspoon of raw egg to their meat! Cats actually prefer cooked eggs as opposed to raw eggs. Once you have successfully transitioned to the new food, you can change up the protein source to provide some variety to your pet’s food. For example, if you are feeding a kibble that has chicken and sweet potatoes, switch to another protein like beef and rice, as long as your dog doesn’t have any sensitivities to different proteins. If you stay in the same line of food, there should be no need to transition to the new protein source. The Formula to Calculate How Many Calories to Give Your Cat or Dog: Vets will frequently recommend gently cooked meats, mostly chicken, and rice after bouts of diarrhea. I prefer to use cooked white ground turkey and pumpkin - a no starch diet. White turkey is the easiest to digest. The pumpkin should be without any seasoning - organic is preferred. One teaspoon to one tablespoon of pumpkin for every 10 lbs of body weight is recommended. Start out small so you can add to the amount if needed. This is the easiest diet for the dog or cat to digest when rehabbing a sensitive stomach. To calculate how many calories your dog should consume to maintain their weight is: Weight of dog/cat in kg (divide pounds by 2.2) X 30 + 70 = Total calories/day For example, my dog Ebi weighs 110 lbs. (52.2 kg) X 30 + 70 = approx. 1,570 calories per day. I will adjust that depending on her activity level that day. If I wanted Ebi to lose weight, I would use the same formula, but plug in the desired weight. For example, if I wanted her to lose 5 pounds, the formula would be: 105 lbs (48 kg) X 30 + 70 = 1,502 calories or a reduction of 68 calories. It is highly recommended to measure and count calories. Maintaining a healthy weight can also help your pet live a longer, healthier life. Please consult a vet when helping your dog lose weight. Cats cannot lose weight quickly due to their biological makeup. A vet must be consulted to ensure a safe and slow way to lose weight. What I Feed My Dog, Ebi (110 lbs.) Morning: * 2 cups The Honest Kitchen dehydrated food (either grain free beef, chicken or turkey) * 1/2 cup cooked ground meat (beef, turkey, chicken, or lamb with 1/4 tsp added salt) cooked in either olive oil or coconut oil. This is omitted on sardine day. * ¼ cup of beef or chicken bone broth (low sodium of 8%) or Goat Milk * On alternating days, 3 egg yolks with 2-3 sardines with skin and bones (depending on the size). Canned salmon with skin and bones can replace sardine day. I give Ebi the inner membrane peeled off of each egg shell for the benefit of its natural glucosamine. * Supplements: A probiotic for the immune system, a glucosamine and chondroitin, a Yeast/Fungal Detox to counter all the carbs in

Welcome to “From A Dog’s Eye View”. I’m your host Susan Coleman. Today I will be talking about a subject that overwhelms most pet parents - what to feed your dog or cat. As I am talking to you, I am sharing a power point presentation I prepared for my clients, created by Shih Ying-Fa. This presentation will be divided into two separate podcasts. In part one, I will be sharing with you some history on how and when pet food started to be sold in stores, how it is processed, and what ingredients are mandated by the regulatory agency that oversees pet food manufacturers. In part two, which will be released in two weeks, I will help you make the best and most affordable decision on food for your dog or cat, which ingredients are healthy and which ones to avoid. I will also give you some suggestions and personal favorites, including what I feed my cat and dog. I have to preface this presentation by disclosing that I am not a veterinarian or a certified pet nutrition specialist. However, I am a certified herbalist and can suggest herbs/supplements for various health conditions or for just maintaining optimal health. While I was conducting my research (which is an ongoing process) about pet nutrition, it propelled me to research human food. I started looking at ingredients of the everyday food I was consuming and was shocked. I thought I was eating healthy, but I wasn’t. I took a class from a naturopath about how what we expose ourselves to, can directly affect our health. I learned about ways to use food and supplements as medicine and as an alternative to pharmaceuticals. I will share the supplements I currently give my cat and dog in part two of this presentation. I recommend consulting a holistic or integrative veterinarian for professional advice when considering making any changes to your pet’s diet. It is wise to make sure your pet is in good health before making any drastic changes such as introducing new and/or raw food. I will briefly discuss the benefits of raw food and when and how to make that switch over. I will also provide names and contact info of two holistic vets in the Cleveland area. I have contacted both of them expressing my interest in having them as a guest, so hopefully in the near future I will be able to share their expertise. So, let’s get started. How To Select the Best Food For Your Pet and Why It is So Important With so many dog and cat food brands available, choosing the right one can feel overwhelming. When talking about pet food, I feel it is important to make people aware of the following: * the evolution of the dry food many of us feed our pets * the regulatory commission that overseas the pet food manufacturers * how a dog and cat’s anatomy determines what they should consume * ingredients to avoid * ingredients that are beneficial My Mission My goal is to increase your awareness of the importance of making healthy food choices for your pet so that they can not only live, but also thrive on the food you give them. My Motivation My presentation also addresses some cat nutrition since it was due to my cats and dog at the time that propelled me to research this broad and confusing subject. I had four cats (one is not pictured) and a dog who were all having symptoms. My cats were throwing up frequently and one of them was actually pulling out his fur because he itched so much. My dog, Hank the Corgi, would have intermittent bouts of throwing up bile and sometimes undigested kibble. Hank also would have diarrhea that didn’t even resemble diarrhea. I was getting very tired of picking up puke! When and Why I Changed What I Feed My Pets Every one of my pets were tested by a veterinarian for parasites and several health conditions that could cause some of these symptoms. They were all under 5 years old and every single test came back clear and free of disease. I was beginning to think that these symptoms were normal. I asked if it was food related, but I never got a definitive answer. It was around this time, in 2016, that I started working at Petco as a dog trainer. The first question I asked the manager was “With all of the food in this store, what is the best food for my dog and cats?” The manager directed me to the aisle where the highest quality (supposedly) of food was. I tried one on Hank and within days, he had the absolute worst gas you could imagine. I know some of you listening can relate to this! There was something in that food that did not agree with Hank. This doesn’t mean that every dog who consumes that brand of food will have gas. It just means that it didn’t agree with my dog. My life was about to change as far as what I would ultimately feed my cats and dog. There was a mandatory meeting for all of us Petco employees.with a rep from Bil-Jac dog food. The rep started describing symptoms that dogs can have that may be related to the food they eat. He asked if anyone was experiencing these symptoms with their dog. I immediately raised my hand and told the rep he was describing my dog Hank’s symptoms to the “T”. The rep gave us some samples of food and told us that Bil-Jac is one of the rare baked dog foods on the market that you don’t have to take 10 days to transition your dog to. It is due to the lower temperature the food is baked as compared to the standard kibble most pet parents feed their dogs. You can start feeding your dog Bil-Jac dog food for their next meal and they won’t have any stomach upsets. I was too nervous to transition immediately. Instead, Hank was switched over to Big-Jac within 3 days. All of his symptoms disappeared! I must emphasize that I am referring to Bil-Jac dog food sold in a bag, not the frozen kind. After seeing how Hank improved, it confirmed to me that there was something in the food that did not agree with him. I just couldn’t believe that dog and cat food manufacturers would put ingredients in their food that pets can’t even digest! Why don’t they have the pets well-being in mind when formulating the recipe? Hence, my extensive research and discoveries that I am sharing with you. It got me thinking that maybe there are things in human food that make us not feel well too. I decided to get an appointment with a naturopath right down the street from me named Dr. Jane Semple. I thought I was eating healthy, but Dr. Semple recommended I start keeping track of the food I typically ate and to look up the sugar content of every item. I was shocked! It was about 3 times the daily amount one should have. I was convinced that food really does matter. If I noticed my dog’s symptoms clearing up and even my own symptoms, there is something to say about “We are what we eat”. My mistake was trusting that food manufacturers prioritize our health and well-being over profit. Since then, I believe pet parents can always feed their dog or cat something better than what they are conveniently giving them. It can never hurt. Real food is better than processed food. However, homemade diets need professional supervision. A lack in vitamins and minerals can cause serious health issues if you don’t know exactly what you are doing. In part two, I will provide resources to help guide you if you decide to transition your pet to a healthier diet. I will also share with you what I currently give my dog and cat. They are both in very good health in their senior years. We all want our pets around a lot longer than their life expectancy. If feeding them healthier food makes that possible, then why not make some changes now? The symptoms listed on this next slide and below can be attributed to underlying health conditions that are not necessarily due to dietary reasons. This is why it is highly recommended to be under the care of a veterinarian. Please refer to the podcast with Dr. Randy from Animal Clinic Northview dated May 19, 2026, “Allergies and Arthritis”. Not all allergies are food related. There can be a hereditary and/or environmental factor. Your vet can help identify the root and possible remedies. Regardless of the root of the symptoms your pet is having, it is always a good thing to give them the best food possible. Symptoms of Food Sensitivities/Inflammation * Itchy, flaky skin - you can see dandruff in their fur/indicates dry skin due to difficulty digesting certain ingredients in food and/or lack of healthy fats * Hot spots - areas that have been itched so much they form sores * Loose stools - formed but not firm or just downright mushy * Gurgling stomach sounds - sometimes accompanied by vomiting or loose stools * Vomiting - sometimes blown up kibble, digested food, or bile * Gas - silent but deadly! * Ear infections - can be caused by floppy ears that don’t get aired out/too many carbs in diet * Eye discharge - difficulty digesting certain ingredients in food or quality of water * Sneezing fits - same as eye discharge * Lackluster fur (matted fur, pulling fur out) - does not shine/coarse * “Frito” paws - pads of paws smell like fritos/yeast overgrowth * Halitosis/gingivitis and other dental issues - can indicate dysbiosis of gut bacteria * Stiff, arthritic joints - certain foods can cause inflammation of the joints like unhealthy fats * Lack of energy - lack of healthy nutrition affects energy level History of the Pet Food Industry To fully understand the importance of selecting the appropriate food for your pet, it is helpful to explore the history of how pet food came into being, and how we transitioned from feeding table scraps to relying on commercially produced pet food sold in stores. We have to remember that pet ownership prior to World War II was utilitarian, meaning dogs had jobs to do on the farm and cats were used to keep mice out of the barns. Pets primarily lived outdoors and were given leftover table scraps and some canned foods. During WWII, tin and metal were rationed which severely impacted the canned food industry. This became an impetus for developing dry dog and cat food that I will be referring to as kibble. Manufacturers partnered with cereal makers who had already invented shelf stable food. This was the optimal collaboration for pet food manufacturers to eventually mass produce kibble and meet the demand of the growing population of pet owners. Soon after the war, during the late 40s and early 50s, people and their pets started to migrate to the suburbs and pet ownership started to increase. The demand for more convenient ways to feed their pets was also increasing. It is very easy to open a bag of dog or cat food and pour it into a dish for our pets. As I will be demonstrating in this presentation, convenience isn’t always the answer to a long and healthy life. The Pet Food Industry Today, the pet food industry is a booming business. Since 1994, sales have increased $2 to $3 billion dollars each year. As of 2025, $69.3 billion were spent on pets, of which 1/3 of it was spent on food. Of course, pet food manufacturers want to get on the band wagon to profit from this ever growing business. This means cutting corners on the cost of certain ingredients to increase profit. These shortcuts do not necessarily keep your pet’s health in mind. Certain ingredients, additives, and the process of making kibble drastically reduce the nutritional benefits. I will be detailing ingredients to avoid in part two of this podcast so that you can make the best decisions when choosing pet food. After the war, the rendering process was developed. This is when by-products from the human food industry is recycled and used for other things. Pet food manufacturers take advantage of these products. They are cheap and readily available. Remember: these are not human grade ingredients. They are rejects from the human food supply. If the food is so contaminated, we have to trust that the USDA will regulate the manufacturers to destroy it. Otherwise, it can be used for pet food. This may include meat that doesn’t meet aesthetic standards, or internal organs or other parts that normally are not used for human food. You don’t quite know what your pet is eating. I highly recommend human grade food for this reason. If you don’t recognize an ingredient on the label, there’s a good chance it’s not something your pet should be eating. Understanding the Kibble Manufacturing Process The process of creating a kibble by mixing ingredients together and forcing it through an extruder to form the kibble shape is called extrusion . A picture of an extruder is on this slide in the powerpoint presentation. The kibble is then baked at least at 400 degrees. There are several problems with extruded kibble, such as: * mixing all the ingredients into a dough like substance makes it easier to disguise its quality. * starch must be added so the kibble retains its shape. Starch makes the kibble harder to digest. * fatty acids are added after the baking process in order to preserve the integrity of the fats. Kibble becomes rancid because of the added sprayed on fat within 3 weeks, if not properly stored. * baking the kibble at such a high temperature decreases the nutritional benefits of essential vitamins and minerals. * moisture levels required for healthy pets are very low. This is especially important in regards to cats. Who Regulates the Pet Food Industry? The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) is the pet food regulator for the sale and distribution of pet food and drugs. It is separate from the FDA and USDA. It is a non-profit organization that establishes the nutritional standards, ingredient definitions, and labeling guidelines for pet and animal feed in the United States. Its members consist of local, state and federal regulatory officials, and even some veterinarians. It does not test, approve, certify, or regulate the food itself. On every package of dog and cat food, you will find listed: * Ingredients * Guaranteed Analysis - the breakdown in percentages of protein, fat, fiber, moisture, and sometimes taurine (a non-essential amino acid). * Calorie content * A statement that it is AAFCO approved * Recommended serving size according to weight The AAFCO does not require a standard for the types of ingredients that the manufacturers can and cannot put in their food. In fact, if an ingredient’s quantity is less than 2% of the total ingredients, it is not obligated to list that as an ingredient. In other words, your cat or dog may have a reaction to a particular brand of dog food, but not another one with the same ingredients. It is possible that an ingredient which is 2% or less is causing the symptoms. The vet may even recommend changing foods. Veterinarians can conduct an extensive allergy test concentrating on different proteins. This is what commonly causes allergic reactions. Dietary Requirement Differences Between Humans, Dogs, and Cats Humans are omnivores . This means we consume a variety of food from both animals and plants. We get our nutrients from protein, carbohydrates, fiber, fats, minerals, vitamins, and water. Most of us get our food from the grocery store where everything is packaged and sold to us. We have to make decisions on how much and what we consume. Dogs and cats depend on us to make those decisions. There are some very picky cats and dogs, but in my experience, most dogs eat anything! Cats are the ones that are more picky. Dogs are scavenging carnivores . If left to fend for themselves in the outside world, they would hunt and eat mostly fish and animals. However, they also can manage to digest and derive nutrition from plant material. They can consume a vet recommended vegetarian diet in order to resolve some kind of health issue, but this should only be temporary. In addition to deriving their protein primarily from meat for their protein requirement, they also require fats, fiber, minerals, vitamins and water. They will also feed on dead carcasses. Cats are obligate carnivores. This means that their main source of protein must be from meat or fish. They lack the necessary enzymes to digest carbohydrates. I tried giving my cats a teaspoon of a ground up homemade cooked veggie mix and they threw it up. Remember, the last thing I wanted to do was feed them something that would make them vomit! Cats require fats, fiber, minerals, vitamins, and water. They will not eat dead animals unless they are freshly killed. Species Appropriate Diet for Dogs and Cats Now that you know some of the dietary requirements of dogs and cats, I’m going to break down and demonstrate the differences in kibble and fresh food appropriate for their species. Ideally, their diet should be high in moisture and protein, moderate in healthy fats, and low in carbohydrates. The ancestral diet is composed of: * 49% protein * 44% fat * 6% carbohydrates * roughly 2-5% crude fiber (to be determined by a veterinarian/holistic vet) * water - measured in ounces to equal approximately one ounce for every two pounds of your cat/dog’s body weight; for example: a 20lb. dog requires at least 10 ounces of water depending on the activity level. Processed dry kibble consists roughly of: * 25% protein * 32% fat * 43% carbohydrates * barely 10% moisture ( this is very important when referring to cats) As you can see, the vast differences between the ancestral diet and kibble is staggering. By eating processed kibble, dogs and cats are lacking in both protein and fat and consuming excessive amounts of carbohydrates. In my opinion, this substantial gap in what is biologically required for dogs and cats and what is found in the majority of kibble, is the cause for a variety of health issues. The same thing can be said for the disparity in human consumption of protein, fat, fiber, carbs, and water and what is recommended. We will experience health issues if we consume too many carbs. Even lack of water consumption will cause us to have symptoms. Our bodies are designed to consume certain amounts of each essential food source just like cats’ and dogs’ bodies. When we consume too much or not enough of one of these sources, we experience some kind of symptom. Proteins To break down the ancestral diet of cats and dogs, it is beneficial for you to know why protein, fat and carbohydrates contribute to the optimal health of your pet. Starting with proteins, they are the foundation of a carnivore’s diet. They are an integral part of every cell in the body. Proteins are necessary for the formation of cells, enzymes, hormones, ligaments, tendons, organs and protective tissue. They manufacture amino acids which are necessary for proper cell functioning. However, some essential amino acids still need to be added to a carnivore’s diet. For example, cats do not make taurine, but need it to live. Food manufacturers must add it to the food and must be supplemented if it is homemade. Healthy Proteins for Dogs According to your budget, the best proteins are grass-fed beef, meats with no antibiotics applied to the animal, wild caught instead of farm raised seafood, organic and cage free eggs. I go as far as to try giving my pets the highest quality meats that I can afford because whatever the animal feeds on is being consumed indirectly by us. Livestock consuming corn, wheat and soy, which are crops that are heavily doused with pesticides, can be harmful to living beings. For more information on this subject, please refer to The Center for Food Safety and research Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO). Good sources of protein are as follows: * grass-fed beef * Chicken* * Lamb* * Turkey* * Sardines * Wild caught Alaskan salmon * Eggs* * Nuts and seeds - almonds, pecans, walnuts, sunflower and pumpkin seeds. NO macadamia nuts or peanuts. *should be organic, cage free and antibiotic free meats and eggs Proteins to Avoid Just as with humans, certain ingredients can trigger negative immune responses in dogs and cats too. I recommend avoiding them all together. This way, it helps eliminate the root of particular symptoms your dog or cat may be having. These questionable ingredients are as follows: * Dairy - m

The Italian Greyhound, or Piccolo Levriere, is one of the oldest dog breeds in the world. Drawings of sighthounds resembling the modern day Italian Greyhound are found on Pompeiian frescoes dating back 2000 years. They are also painted on ancient Egyptian artwork from roughly 6000 years ago. They were bred to hunt hare and rabbits, but were kept mostly as a companion dog. They were popular amongst European royalty, including Queen Victoria and King Louis XIV. Today, Italian Greyhounds are enjoyed by thousands in the United States and around the world. They have been recognized by the American Kennel Club since 1886 and their popularity as a family pet has grown in the last five years. They are true sighthounds, but are very content with being lap dogs, provided they get enough daily exercise. Sighthounds use their keen sense of sight, speed, and strong prey drive to hunt down small animals. Please refer to my podcast with Gary Flynn where we talk about different hunting dog breeds. Italian Greyhounds are the smallest member of the sighthound family weighing between 7 and 14 lbs. Sighthounds include well known breeds such as Greyhounds, Whippets, Afghan Hounds, Irish Wolfhounds and Salukis. All of these breeds have bodies that are built for speed with long slender legs and deep chests. The Greyhound is the fastest dog breed in the world reaching speeds of up to 45 miles per hour. The Italian Greyhound can reach up to 35 mph. They look like cheetahs running through the savanna. Whereas the Greyhound is faster than the Italian Greyhound, its endurance is not as great. My guest, Cheryl Bendik, is a proud pet parent of two Italian Greyhounds, Mia and Luna. Cheryl was intrigued by the breed when she met two of them who belonged to her son’s girlfriend at the time. She kept wanting to borrow them until her son convinced her to get her own. Cheryl contacted a breeder but had to wait quite some time for one. In the meantime, Cheryl decided to adopt one. As fate would have it, as soon as she adopted Luna, Mia was born two weeks later! Luna is a Beagle/Italian Greyhound mix. Her most noticeable feature is her floppy Beagle ears, but she has the body of an Italian Greyhound. Mia and Luna are eight months apart and have a very close bond. When they were little, they both loved to run around and zip in and out of each other looking like a chocolate and vanilla swirl ice cream cone. Luna was placed in a kill shelter in Columbus by a family with small children. She was then transported up to Vermilion, Ohio where Cheryl adopted her. She had a scar on her head from a previous injury and was very fearful of children and small women with blond hair. She also did not like noisy toys. She still is leary of noisy toys and young children with erratic movements. She lost her fear of small blonde women later in life. Thank goodness Luna ended up in her forever home with Cheryl! Luna has the temperament of an Italian Greyhound and the prey drive of a Beagle. Cheryl says Luna’s nose is always to the ground like a Beagle’s and has brought home several “presents” after a romp in the backyard. Chipmunks, baby rabbits and squirrels are her preference. One day, Luna emerged from the bushes with a 5 point deer antler in her mouth. Cheryl’s daughter thought Luna had killed a deer (an impossible feat!), but it was only an antler from a deer in rut (breeding season). Cheryl kept that antler as a fond memory. Mia enjoys chasing after small animals like her pal Luna does. She likes to catch small critters and deposit them inside the house. She also likes to birdwatch as they fly around above her. When they were younger, Mia would go tell Cheryl in her own way that Luna had escaped. Luna was notorious for running away in pursuit of a squirrel, chipmunk or rabbit, expressing her true Beagle nature. Mia would guide Cheryl to Luna. The two of them would lay down and start howling the way Italian Greyhounds do and Luna would come running back. Common nicknames for Italian Greyhounds are “Iggy” and “IG”. Cheryl advises prospective pet parents if you don’t want a dog next to you or behind you all the time, then an Italian Greyhound is not the breed for you. They are even referred to as “Velcro Dogs”. Their sweet, gentle and loving temperament makes it very easy to cuddle up with while enjoying a favorite book. Italian Greyhounds require a lot of exercise. Cheryl has walked Mia and Luna daily in all kinds of weather since she brought them home. Even when Cheryl was recovering from meniscus surgery, she had family members walk “the girls”. All dogs require daily walks. For some breeds, if they don’t get their walk in, and an outlet is not provided to release pent up energy, they can go a little crazy. Italian Greyhounds would fit that description. Caring for Italian Greyhounds is fairly easy. The biggest challenge pet parents need to watch for is leg injuries, as their dogs’ legs are very thin and prone to fractures. Pet parents must ensure their dogs don’t jump from excessive heights or run on slippery surfaces. Mia and Luna are bigger than the average size for Italian Greyhounds but still have very low body fat. This combined with their short fur makes them sensitive to cold weather. In the video of the podcast, Cheryl shows the audience the flannel coats that include coverage on their legs and boots for their paws. Grooming and hygiene are simple. Bathing is recommended only when absolutely necessary so as not to dry out the skin with frequent shampooing. Their nails grow quickly and need to be trimmed often to prevent joint strain on their thin legs. Also, Iggy’s are susceptible to dental disease. Daily brushing and professional cleanings are highly recommended. About 10 years ago, Cheryl started volunteering for the Italian Greyhound Club of America (IGCA) . She fostered a total of at least 5 dogs, but when COVID hit, the restrictions forbade people to visit one another. During this time, Cheryl could not have inquisitive dog lovers come to her home to check out the Italian Greyhounds she was fostering. So, she continued to volunteer by making phone calls to prospective adopters, screening them to ascertain if they were good future pet parents of an Italian Greyhound. People frequently ask me if I know anyone who is looking for a dog. I never had any luck finding a forever home for anyone, until recently. One of my friends, Dan, called me saying that his friend’s daughter had a 3 month old Italian Greyhound who was just too much for her to handle at this point in her life. She couldn’t provide the exercise and care that was needed and thought it was best to find a better home for him. I immediately thought of Cheryl in hopes that she could connect me to someone who could help. Instead, Cheryl contacted one of her friends whom she had found an Italian Greyhound for before, just to see if he was in the market for another one. Lo and behold, he was! Within hours, the deal was sealed and Vito was on his way to his forever home soon after. Vito is co-shared by his pet parents and currently resides in two different households with two other Italian Greyhounds named Colby and Roo. They all get along very well. They play and cuddle with each other and their owners. On weekdays, Vito accompanies Keith to work where he has his own little bed. As difficult as it must have been for the original owner to surrender Vito, she can rest assured that he is getting the best care ever. As Cesar Millan always says, “Happy Dog, Happy Human, Happy World”. Who could ask for a better outcome? Over the years, Cheryl occasionally has met other people with Italian Greyhounds while out in public. She would exchange phone numbers with them if they were interested in getting their dogs together with other Italian Greyhound owners. Through word of mouth and referrals, this group of 20 meets every other week for play dates. However, due to some health issues “the girls” have had lately, Cheryl hasn’t been able to attend the get togethers. Dog support groups like this one are a fun way to exchange information about the breed and have the dogs interact with one another. Most purebred breeds have clubs nearby where you can meet new people. I highly recommend joining one. Mia and Luna are considered senior dogs at 13 and 14 years old, respectively. The average lifespan of an Italian Greyhound is between 13 and 15 years old. Just within the past few years, they both started experiencing health issues. Mia was diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease(IBS) and Luna was diagnosed with cancer in her leg. As with humans, it’s no fun getting old! Three years ago, Cheryl was noticing that Mia was frequently having diarrhea. Her vet put Mia on prednisone. She remained on that for 3-4 months, but they weren’t seeing the results they were hoping for. Mia was also losing weight. She was already thin to begin with, so losing weight was worrisome. The vet recommended Dr. Crandell, a board-certified Small Animal Internal Medicine Specialist at MedVet in Akron, Ohio. He recommended that Mia start taking a chemotherapy drug called Chlorambucil to treat her IBS symptoms. The dosages have diminished as the years have passed but she will most likely have to remain on it for the rest of her life. Cheryl has to be very careful what she feeds Mia. Due to her IBS condition, she can only eat a prescription diet where the protein in the food is hydrolyzed. This means that the protein is already broken down so that the dog’s immune system cannot recognize it. This prevents gastrointestinal issues. Royal Canin, Hill’s Science Diet, and Purina all have prescription formulas that your vet can recommend. Cheryl has to alert pet parents not to give Mia any treats. She can only have her diet food as treats. She can also have some fruits and vegetables as treats or mixed in with her food. Mia gets her bloodwork done every few months to make sure certain levels have not changed. So far, the results have been relatively the same but not enough to go off the chemo drug. Cheryl adds Vitamin B12 and a supplement for liver support called Denamarin to Mia’s food. She keeps a watchful eye on Mia for any changes in her eating habits, behavior, and overall health. She keeps in close touch with her vet to make sure she is enjoying a good quality of life while managing her IBS. Luna has had her share of health issues in her senior years, the most notable one being her cancer diagnosis. As I mentioned before, Cheryl had meniscus surgery a year ago in April and had family members and friends walk Luna and Mia while she recovered. They would come back from the walk reporting that Luna didn’t want to walk and only wanted to go back home. They thought maybe the reason she didn’t want to walk was because she was separated from Cheryl. However, they also noticed that Luna’s leg was stiffening up. By the end of April, Cheryl noticed that Luna would hold her one leg up periodically and walk on the other three legs. Now Cheryl knew there was something not quite right and had to take action. Cheryl took Luna to the vet. After the initial visit, Luna was prescribed muscle relaxers to see if that would help, but advised to return in a week. On the second visit, x-rays were taken, but did not reveal anything. The vet recommended to get an appointment with an internist. Cheryl already knew an internist because of Mia’s IBS issues. She returned to the same internist who ordered blood work to be done. Nothing was revealed in the bloodwork. So, he recommended physical therapy. Cheryl made an appointment with Dr. Letosky at Avon Lake Animal Clinic. She is a veterinarian who specializes in Canine Rehabilitation. Dr. Letosky observed Luna and upon that initial assessment, deduced that Luna had cancer. This was confirmed through an ultrasound which showed her muscles in her left leg were crooked and had pockets of blood that were cancerous. Cheryl noticed that the stiffest area of Luna’s leg was between the knee and elbow joints, which is where the cancer had settled. Treatment options were discussed, but amputation was recommended. In my May 5, 2026 podcast with Dr. Randy from Animal Clinic Northview, he shares with us the predicament pet parents face when their dog or cat is diagnosed with cancer. Depending on the cancer and where it is located determines the treatment. Chemotherapy, alternative therapies, and amputation are all available options presented to pet parents. Cheryl made the decision to have the leg amputated and Luna has been cancer free ever since. Cheryl was advised to maintain a physical therapy routine for Luna for the remainder of her life. This is an easy task to fulfill since Cheryl religiously walks Mia and Luna daily. She just has to add hills to the walk to build up Luna’s muscles. In fact, the vet told Cheryl that Luna recovered so well from the amputation because she had walked her so much before the surgery. Her muscles were already strong which helped the recovery period. Life as a ‘tripod’ has been manageable. Since Luna expends almost three times as much energy as a quadruped, she gets warmer and tired faster than most dogs. Cheryl now has a stroller for Luna for those situations. The stroller also came in handy while Luna recovered from recent eye surgery performed by Dr. Vogel at MedVet. She had a growth removed from her eyelid due to calcium deposits on her cornea. I recently overheard someone talking to Cheryl about Luna and the person was expressing concern and sadness for Luna’s condition. Cheryl had the perfect response, “ Don’t feel sorry for her, say ‘You go girl!’ instead” Dogs are amazing for so many reasons. Cheryl, Mia and Luna are a loving, bonded trio who take what life throws at them with amazing and admirable coping skills. I believe that owning a dog isn’t always easy and fun. Along the way, obstacles and unexpected challenges can force us to make difficult decisions. How we respond to those moments ultimately reveals our character and the depth of our commitment to our dogs. Unfortunately, some of these decisions ultimately come down to finances. However, being unable to afford an operation is not necessarily a reflection of how deeply someone loves their dog. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

It’s springtime and that means allergy season is in full swing! The emergence of budding leaves and flowers can cause great distress to humans and dogs alike. Whereas humans tend to have runny eyes and noses with a tickle in their throat, allergies tend to manifest differently in dogs. It is common for dogs to start itching, sometimes constantly, leaving them with abrasions, and feeling downright miserable. We’ll cover how to recognize the signs, what’s changed in treatment options, and the latest immunotherapy breakthroughs that are giving dogs real relief without the side effects of old-school steroids. My guest, Dr. Randy Hutchison has some solutions for allergy sufferers that can provide relief almost immediately. The most common allergic reaction in dogs Allergic reactions can be caused by the environment, fleas, or food allergies. The most common reaction to all of these culprits is itching. Dr. Randy states that the location of the itching is a good indicator as to what the cause is. For example, itching from flea bites caused by the saliva in fleas, is mostly found at the base of the tail. Dogs will tie themselves into pretzels to try to reach that area. You will notice they will try to bite back there with their little incisor teeth. When dogs lick their feet a lot or itch their nose, face, and lower legs, this usually indicates something in their environment. In springtime, pollen from budding trees falls on the grass they walk and lay in. In the fall, there are certain weeds and molds on leaves. All of these outdoor elements can cause allergic reactions. Dr. Randy can almost predict to the day when clients will bring their dogs in because they started itching a lot. Once a dog has allergies, they almost always will for the rest of their life. Allergic reactions don’t form after the initial exposure to an irritant. In fact, Dr. Randy says if a puppy comes in for an appointment due to itching, he can start a history of the dates of the itching, but can rule out allergies as a probable cause. It takes over a year or two of exposure to an irritant for the body to react. As time goes on, the length of the allergic reaction will be longer and more pronounced. Reverse Sneezing Another reaction that can be caused by allergies is reverse sneezing . This is when your dog rapidly inhales air through their nose creating a honking sound. It can be triggered by excitement, prolonged tension on their collar, or allergies. It quickly subsides and the dog returns to normal breathing. The first time I experienced this with my dog Hank, I thought he was choking and couldn’t breathe and was having some kind of seizure. It was frightening to say the least. Symptoms of food allergies Food allergies are similar to seasonal allergies. Dogs can be allergic to certain foods, most commonly, certain proteins. They can cause dogs to itch all over their body and lick their paws. I have seen dogs’ paws that have turned raw and become a rust color because they have been licked so much. There are a lot of additives in dog food that their bodies have difficulty digesting and ultimately causing an allergic reaction. I have seen the itching subside after changing the protein source from chicken to turkey or other proteins. Prescription dog foods that hydrolyze the protein for easier digestion and relief from allergic reactions can be recommended by your vet. I will be discussing this further in a future episode concerning nutrition. Allergy Testing and Shots Allergy shots are available which involve injecting small amounts of specific allergens to build up tolerance. Dr. Randy states that if a client chooses this option, they have to commit to a long term plan. This is not a quick fix. Allergy testing through blood samples and intradermal skin testing are also available. This can be costly and intradermal testing can be invasive, requiring mild sedation. This is usually done when immunotherapy drugs and protein elimination have failed. Specific blood panels can be ordered to pinpoint the irritant causing the reactions. It will test for approximately 60 different environmental factors and will identify food allergens as well. However, testing for food allergies does not yield as reliable results as environmental influences do. This type of testing and allergy shots used to be very popular before immunotherapy drugs were available. Immunotherapy Drugs to Alleviate Allergic Reactions The biggest advancement in veterinary medicine over the past five to ten years is immunotherapy treatments. Before then, when dogs and cats had allergic reactions, the only option was to prescribe steroids or antihistamines. Most of the time, they would stop the itching, but the side effects prevented them from being used long term. Antihistamines do not get absorbed to the level they need to be to become effective. Nowadays, two immunotherapy drugs are commonly prescribed for allergies: Apoquel and Cytopoint. They have revolutionized allergy treatment. However, certain cases still require administering steroids. Prescribing them has dramatically dropped with the introduction of immunotherapy drugs. Apoquel is not an allergy pill. It is not a steroid or an antihistamine. It is an immunotherapy drug. It inhibits the attachment of specific molecules to receptors that trigger an itching and inflammatory response. According to Dr. Randy, it is very effective and can be prescribed to dogs 12 months and older. It can work almost immediately with little to no side effects. In fact, if it doesn’t work within approximately 48 hours, a different option will have to be explored. A higher dosage is not an option. Apoquel has also worked to relieve allergic reactions to food and proteins. There is a misconception about Apoquel that it can cause cancer. Dr. Randy debunks this myth. Since Apoquel is an immunotherapy drug and suppresses the immune system in a particular way, it is not recommended for dogs who have been diagnosed with cancer. Their bodies need all the help they can get to fight cancer cells. Cytopoint is an injection that is effective in eliminating the itching response and can last up to two months. Both Apoquel and Cytopoint can be stopped and started at any time that is recommended by your veterinarian. Cytopoint is different than Apoquel in that it targets a specific protein that is responsible for sending signals to the brain to stop the itching. Due to the difference in how these two immunotherapy drugs work, Cytopoint can be given to dogs diagnosed with cancer and to those with compromised immune systems. A key takeaway when calculating the possibility to prescribe either Apoquel or Cytopoint is to ascertain the reasons for using them. It is essential to determine the root cause of the itching. Both of these drugs are very effective but costly to pet parents. Dr. Randy likes to be sure that he prescribes them for the right reasons. He believes that immunotherapy is the wave of the future for treating not just allergies, but also for treating other common conditions he sees in dogs and cats. My dog’s history of allergic reactions It took me a few years to realize that my Leonberger, Ebi, was allergic to something in the environment in the fall. One August, I was visiting my parents in Rochester, New York. I had been warned that pesticides had been applied to the grass in their townhouse community to kill crab grass. By the time I got back home to Cleveland, Ebi was itching almost constantly. In a few days, she stopped. I never went to the vet because it started to subside quickly. I thought maybe she had a reaction to the pesticide used to kill the crab grass. The following year, around the same time of year, Ebi started itching again. This time it lasted longer. I noticed abrasions and scabs on her sides and belly when she would lay on her back. It went away in about a week to 10 days. I did not go to the vet this time either. Then, around the same time of year as before, I went to Rochester again and Ebi started itching so much that she could barely sleep (neither could I). I finally started to believe that she was allergic to something in Rochester. By the time I got back home, the itching subsided, but it lasted longer. I didn’t want to put Ebi through that ever again! So, as soon as she started itching the following August or September, I took her to Dr. Randy and told him my story. He gave her a Cytopoint injection which stopped the itching almost immediately. Just last year, I tried a supplement for seasonal allergies around mid-August until the end of September. That worked! However, I am noticing for the first time, Ebi is itching a little more than usual this spring. She is now 8 years old with an 8 year old immune system that doesn’t work as efficiently as it used to. Dr. Randy says that dogs can have allergies year round. Once they manifest symptoms, they can last longer each time. It is very rare to see dogs or cats become less allergic to things over time. Arthritis in Dogs Just as humans suffer from arthritis typically in their senior years, so do dogs. Arthritis in general is referred to as osteoarthritis or OA. A type of arthritis that is familiar to most of us dog lovers is hip dysplasia. This is when the ball and socket of the hip joint does not form a tight fit with enough cushion around it. Instead of rotating smoothly with movement, it is more of a pounding bone on bone action causing discomfort and inflammation. Osteoarthritis can be caused by the following: * Hereditary factors - large and giant breeds are more susceptible * Strenuous exercise - repetitive jumping * Excess weight * Previous injury * compensatory damage due to lessening the load on the affected joint According to Dr. Randy, when dogs walk, they carry about 60% of their weight in the front and 40% in the back. Therefore, if a back leg or hip is hurting, more weight will be put on the front legs. Over time, this will contribute to the wear and tear on the front limbs, compounding the existing problem. As osteoarthritis progresses, the cartilage in the affected joint deteriorates causing inflammation and irritation. Pain management is critical to keeping the pain in check. A way to confirm that a dog has arthritis is to take an x-ray. This can be a very challenging procedure that sometimes requires mild sedation. Not all dogs will lay on their side or back and be perfectly still for several seconds! Vet techs will try to keep the dog as calm and comfortable as possible. Dr. Randy believes this method of diagnosis is crucial in order to avoid prescribing medication for a condition that possibly does not exist. Certain conditions can get worse by adding incorrect treatments. “Know what you are treating”. - Dr. Randy Common myths that Dr. Randy hears about arthritis: * glucosamine and chondroitin prevent arthritis * walking your dog short distances will prevent arthritis * arthritis can be cured * it only affects older dogs * a few extra pounds won’t affect the arthritis * treating arthritis will prevent further degradation of the joints * dogs should not exercise when diagnosed with arthritis Osteoarthritis is a progressive, incurable disease that can affect young and old dogs alike. Treating arthritis with various medications and alternative medicine will help manage the pain associated with it. If the synovial fluid around the joint is lacking, and the cartilage is compromised, inflammation and pain will result. Therefore, managing the pain is crucial. This can be difficult to initially diagnose without x-rays since cats and dogs are good at masking their pain. However, if you notice your dog being reluctant to climb stairs, struggling to get up from lying down or being more lethargic than usual, this may indicate they are suffering from stiff, arthritic joints. If pet parents suspect or just want to find out if their dog has arthritis, they can first seek the counsel of a veterinarian who can properly diagnose it through x-rays. One of the worst things pet parents can do is to stop taking the dog for walks and cease all activity. Regular activity like walking can strengthen the muscle around the affected joints, improve circulation around the arthritic area and nourish cartilage that exists. It also helps maintain a healthy weight. Your veterinarian can tell you the ideal weight for your dog. You may have to start counting calories and measuring their daily food instead of just eyeballing it. A few extra pounds is more to carry around and puts more stress on the joints. The good news is there are several options to keep your pooch comfortable: * non-steroidal anti inflammatories such as Galliprant and Rimadyl * immunotherapy drugs such as Librela for dogs and Solensia for cats * alternative medicines such as acupuncture, laser therapy, water therapy, shockwave therapy, swimming, and massages * platelet rich plasma (PRP) * Arthramid - hydrogel injected directly into the joint * All natural supplements including Omega-3, glucosamine and chondroitin, and MSM When pet parents get a diagnosis before the arthritis has progressed too far, they can start managing the pain as needed with an anti inflammatory medicine. However, this is not for long term daily usage as they affect internal organs. As the arthritis progresses and noticeable symptoms appear, such as limping and favoring a particular side when lying down, an immunotherapy drug such as Librela will be recommended. This is administered by a veterinarian as a monthly shot. As with any drug, there can be possible side effects. Dr. Randy stresses the importance of confirming the diagnosis of arthritis before starting this type of treatment. The story below illustrates accurately how Dr. Randy handles arthritic dogs. I can attest first hand to the effectiveness of Librela. Dr. Randy diagnosed my friends’ German Shepherd, Heidi, with arthritis - more specifically hip dysplasia. It was confirmed by an x-ray when she was young. It was nothing to be alarmed about, but something to keep an eye on. Dr. Randy took another x-ray a couple years later to see if it progressed. There wasn’t a lot of difference in the hip dysplasia, which was good but later x-rays showed arthritis in various parts of her body. Heidi was able to continue her daily walks and had arranged play dates often with no noticeable discomfort. Not until she was about 9 years old were her symptoms more obvious. She started hesitating walking up stairs, and then later injured her CCL (the equivalent of the ACL in humans). The injury was not bad enough to warrant surgery. In fact, she recovered after not being as active for a period of time. She did re-injure the same CCL and it took longer to recover. Her pet parents gave her anti-inflammatories to manage the pain. Occasionally, I walk Heidi for my friends. I noticed the progression and how it seemed Heidi was struggling while walking. She was limping and panting from the stress and pain. That’s when Heidi’s pet parents took her back to see Dr. Randy. He suggested the Librela shot. From that point on, I notice when Heidi gets the shot, she walks more comfortably. When it is time for another monthly shot, she is more uncomfortable, so I won’t go as far as we usually do. Heidi started receiving laser treatments under the supervision of Dr. Grace Schmeiser. She was mentioned in an earlier podcast about the therapy programs offered at Animal Clinic Northview. I walked Heidi a few days ago and she lasted the entire walk like we usually do. She still limps a bit but seems to be in less pain. Other types of therapy mentioned earlier that is offered at Animal Clinic Northview are swimming in a pool, underwater treadmill, laser therapy, shock wave therapy, and acupuncture. In addition to these modalities are supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin, Omega-3, and MSM. Please seek the guidance of your vet or a holistic vet. I am a certified herbalist and can advise on correct dosages. A more up-to-date way to treat arthritis is Platelet Rich Plasma or PRP. This is when blood is drawn from the dog, is centrifuged, and then injected back into the affected joint. The purpose is to reduce inflammation which helps manage the pain, improve joint mobility, and accelerate healing for injured ligaments. It is a safe alternative to medications and steroids. Your veterinarian can discuss with you if this is a good option for your dog. Arthramid is another option for treating arthritis. It is a hydrogel that can restore the elasticity of the synovial fluid and can provide relief for up to 2 years. Again, your veterinarian will determine if your dog is a good candidate to Arthramid. The very last option for dogs suffering from hip dysplasia is hip replacement surgery. It is difficult to find doctors who specialize in this operation. Dr. Randy will refer these patients to The Ohio State School of Veterinary Medicine. As with any surgery, there are risks involved such as infection. The rehabilitation can be challenging for the dog and the pet parents. Some pet parents who find themselves in this predicament will choose alternative methods, immunotherapy drugs, and/or supplements instead. I would like to personally thank Dr. Randy Hutchison for once again sharing his expertise and giving us a clearer picture of what our dogs are going through every allergy season. The big takeaways: know the signs — itchy feet, rubbing faces, reverse sneezing — and know that there are real, effective options beyond steroids, including Apoquel and Cytopoint. Dr. Randy also shares his highly proficient knowledge on how to diagnose and treat arthritis in dogs. X-rays provide the concrete evidence of the prevalence of arthritis and where it is located. There are many options to treat arthritis depending on the location and severity of the symptoms. If your dog is struggling, don't wait — talk to your vet. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! This post is public so feel free to share it. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Have you ever been petting your dog and suddenly felt something — a lump, a bump, something that wasn’t there before? My returning guest, Dr. Randy Hutchison of Animal Clinic Northview, walks us through exactly what to do when that happens. From simple fatty lipomas to cancer diagnosis and cutting-edge immunotherapy treatments — this episode covers it all. Improvements continue to be made in the rehabilitation department. Not all injuries require surgery. Animal Clinic Northview has a new and expanding rehab facility. Dr. Grace Schmeiser oversees canine patients in need of rehabilitation from arthritis discomfort, sports injuries and surgeries. Many different therapies are offered: acupuncture, shock wave therapy, laser therapy, and massages. Dr. Randy also shares with us some new capabilities which improve the overall recovery process for canine patients. Animal Clinic Northview has equipped their ICU unit with central lines - an advanced way to administer medications quickly. They also reduce the stress and pain by allowing multiple treatments and drawing blood samples through one port. Another improvement to the ICU is the addition of high flow oxygen. This provides more direct oxygen flow to canine patients via nasal cannulas who may be in respiratory distress. Oxygen can be delivered via these cannulas before, during, and after surgery. Patients can also receive oxygen via their state- of-the-art environmentally controlled Snyder oxygen cages. Recently, Dr. Randy shares with us how the high oxygen flow process aided in ensuring that a bulldog who came in for airway surgery received the appropriate amount of oxygen. He believes this accelerates the recovery process and promotes a swift recuperation. Animal Clinic Northview employs a full time doctor, or hospitalist, whose sole responsibility is to oversee the ICU and make sure it runs efficiently. The ICU can accommodate up to 40 patients. This relieves the 34 veterinarians in the practice of checking in whenever they have a spare moment to visit their critically ill patients while also maintaining a heavy client workload. Having a hospitalist on duty is an excellent way to give the patients the attention they need. They also rely on the staff dedicated to working and assisting with cases that are admitted to the ICU. Dr. Randy says “From the technicians to the assistants to the kennel staff - they are really the heroes. They’re the ones that are in it minute by minute, hour by hour, taking care of these patients.” Vets are expected to be jack of all trades. This can be very challenging. However, Dr. Randy’s staff has the freedom to choose what they would like to specialize in. He always tells his new doctors they are allowed “five No’s”. It is important to know the types of cases they are uncomfortable with and leave them to other vets who want to be treating them. He wants them to choose what they are passionate about so they become very good at what they do. This allows Dr. Randy to direct specific issues to vets who see these types of cases often. “It’s all about putting patients in the hands that are most likely to give them a chance to help them.” - Dr. Randy One common reason to bring your dog in for a checkup is when you notice a lump or bump. You may notice a lump while petting your dog. You may see it when they roll over. The lump could be as innocuous as a wart, a skin tag, or the result of an allergic reaction. Others could be a fatty lipoma, a sebaceous cyst or a mass. Some dogs have a predisposition to forming lumps and bumps. Certain breeds are prone to them. However, every dog is susceptible. Dr. Randy always recommends bringing the dog in to get it checked out. Sometimes, groomers find lumps that the owner never saw or felt. Lumps can be in hard to see areas and places you don’t typically touch. For example, a groomer will feel inside a back leg while they are combing the dog’s fur or they have to shave the rear end and a lump is discovered. In my podcast about grooming, Sharyn Ugan has found lumps on dogs that the pet parents had no idea were there. When Dr. Randy is assessing a lump or bump, he typically manipulates it with his fingers. He can feel if it is hard or soft. The dog usually does not seem to be in any discomfort. The texture and the look of the lump does not indicate whether it is benign or malignant. In fact, he has learned over the years - never assume anything . Screening is necessary to determine exactly what the lump is. It is done with a fine needle aspirate of the lump. A needle is injected into it to draw a sample of cellular material. This is transferred onto a slide to be examined and will reveal two things immediately: whether it is benign or malignant. The cells in the sample may be benign cystic junk aspirated from a sebaceous cyst. These lumps can fill up with cystic debris so much that they can burst. This can be painful for the dog. Once it bursts, the process of forming and filling up can resume as long as the lining inside them keeps secreting the debris. Surgical removal of the entire cyst, including the lining, may be recommended. Another type of benign lumps are fatty lipomas. They have clear fatty cells inside them with no cellular makeup. They can grow to be huge and located in cumbersome spots on a dog’s body. In both of these types of lumps, the pet parent is advised to keep a watchful eye on them. If they change color or size quickly, it should be checked out as soon as possible. Depending on the location and the size of the lump, surgery may be recommended. For example, if the fatty lipoma is located on the dog’s side and it bothers them when they lay down, then the pet parent may want to remove it. Dr. Randy has experienced the pet parent initially deciding not to surgically remove a decent sized lipoma, but then later changed their mind. After the removal of the lipoma, they noticed their dog moving around more freely and even acting a lot happier. Dr. Randy and his staff are accustomed to looking at certain cells from the different types of lumps mentioned above. It’s when abnormal cells make an appearance that require the expertise of a pathologist. Animal Clinic Northview is equipped with one of Dr. Randy’s favorite instruments called a digital cytology unit. This instrument scans the slide of cellular material collected from a lump and sends it to a pathologist somewhere in the world. They will get results within hours! Before the digital cytology unit was available, results were sent to a laboratory somewhere in the U.S. and results were not available for days. The expediency of the digital cytology unit results provide comfort to the pet parents so they can start making decisions that are best for their dog. When talking about lumps that may be malignant, it is important to understand the difference between what a cytology is and what a biopsy is. A cytology is squirting material from a lump on to a slide and determining what type of cells are present. It may not tell the doctor everything, but it may provide some clues as to what it is. If it is viewed by a pathologist who determines there are some cells that have changed, then a biopsy will be recommended. This is when the lump is surgically removed and the whole mass is sent out for pathology. Sometimes the lump is from a family of tumors called a sarcoma. One of the characteristics of a sarcoma is they like to adhere to muscles, nerves or bones, making them very difficult to remove. They are not necessarily aggressive, but they are invasive. The decision to remove some of the sarcoma, or to possibly have to remove a limb affected by it, is a difficult one to make. It is essential to have all the facts in place so that the best decision can be made. Sometimes CT scans or ultrasounds reveal that the removal of the tumor is not advisable due to the location and what it is attached to. Dr. Randy has to have an open and honest discussion with the client as to what will be the next course of action. As in human medicine, cancer has become an increasingly prevalent occurrence. Over the years, Dr. Randy has seen a rise not only with cancer in dogs, but also cancer in younger dogs. “Cancer is not an old age problem”. - Dr. Randy Dr. Randy often gets asked by clients looking for puppies if he can recommend a breed that won’t get cancer. There is breed disposition, especially in Golden Retrievers, Boxers and giant breed dogs. In fact, when Dr. Randy was in vet school, he would go to a park and watch the different breeds go by. When he would see certain breeds, he would come up with 3-5 diseases they were prone to get. However, all breeds have the possibility of getting cancer. He advises the clients to get the dog that fits their lifestyle instead of basing their decision on a hypothetical. If all of the tests come back positive for cancer, then the decision will now be to treat it medically or surgically. Another option is to not treat the cancer and instead provide comfort to the dog through pain medications and other therapies. Treating cancer in dogs medically means to treat the patient with traditional modalities such as chemotherapy or radiation. Animal Clinic Northview does not have radiation equipment. If the client wishes to choose this option, university teaching hospitals or specialized veterinary oncology centers provide this treatment. One thing Dr. Randy wants his clients to keep in mind when faced with this difficult decision is how to provide the best quality of life. His ultimate desire is to find the best treatment that allows the dog to still run and play and be a happy dog, even with the diagnosis of cancer. In human cancer diagnoses, the goal is to cure the cancer. As much as veterinary medicine would like that goal to be the same, most veterinarians agree they are giving the dog the best quality of life possible. Even though Dr. Randy believes dogs do better with chemo treatments than humans do, there are still side effects. This is due to dosages not being as strong and the frequency of treatments may be more spread out than those for humans. The most common cancer Dr. Randy treats with chemotherapy is lymphoma. He will see dogs with big lymph nodes under their jaw, shoulder, or knee. The most common protocol for this type of cancer is the Wisconsin Protocol, often called CHOP. This determines the type of drugs, a schedule of frequency, and the amount of medicines the dog will receive. All of this is adjusted based on the side effects the dog may experience. Another option to treating lymphoma besides the Wisconsin Protocol is two recent drugs available on the market. Scientists have conducted so much research in ways to combat canine lymphoma by identifying specific cells to target that are essential for fighting infection. They can also suppress the immune system’s response to cancer which can ultimately kill cancer cells and slow down the spread of them. Tanovea is a drug to treat canine lymphoma. It is commonly recommended when the lymphoma has relapsed using standard protocols. It is an injection that is scheduled according to the veterinarian’s advice. Another drug is called Laverdia. It is administered in a convenient pill form which can be given at home. It is not chemotherapy, but works with the immune system to inhibit a specific protein, and ultimately prevents the spread of the cancer cells. Dr. Randy believes that immunotherapies are the new age cancer therapy and will continue to improve. There already are immunotherapy drugs to successfully treat melanoma. One can hope that more solutions will be invented and approved to help our canine companions fight the increasing threat of this deadly disease. In conclusion, don’t assume — get it checked. A simple fine needle aspirate can give you answers fast, and catching something early can make all the difference. If this episode helped you, share it with a fellow dog parent. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This post is public so feel free to share it. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Regulated hunting in the United States is a safe activity enjoyed by over 14 million adults. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources recorded almost 400,000 paid hunting license holders. This number includes hunting of birds, small animals and deer. Regulations exist to preserve, protect and control wildlife populations. Hunting can bring communities together and help feed those in need. It is a skill that can be learned through hunting clubs and trusted family members. In Part One of the Hunting Dogs podcast, my guest, Gary Flynn, shares stories about how he learned about the many facets of hunting from family members. Not all hunters use dogs, but Gary’s initiation to the world of hunting at a young age included neighborhood and family dogs to help in the process. He was able to witness how motivated a dog can become while pursuing their prey. He also experienced a “pecking order” amongst dogs gathered under a tree with a raccoon hanging on for dear life. Everyone knew which dog had the tenacity and skills to snatch the coon out of the tree. It helped Gary learn about individual and pack dog behavior. Living at home versus living in kennels Hunting dogs can live in the house with their humans. Gary can’t imagine not having his dogs live in his house. He trains them with obedience skills that are a necessity when out in the field. He also makes it a priority to teach them manners so he can socialize them inside hunting clubs and with guests coming to his house. Many hunters will keep their dogs separate from social gatherings inside the clubs. They do not go to the extent that Gary does in socializing and training his dogs. Some are of the opinion that hunting dogs will not be effective hunters if they become family dogs. Some hunters prefer to board their dogs at kennels. It provides a safe environment for hunting breeds who like to run and roam over great distances. They will climb over fences and dig their way out of a common crate. These kennels are designed with secure slats that are impossible to bend and are cemented to the ground. The boarding staff is often trained on the specific traits of the different hunting breeds. They are also exercised daily so they stay in good shape in between hunts and during the off season. Over the past 15 years as a dog trainer, there are hunting breeds I frequently see in my obedience classes and private home sessions. I work with a lot of doodles that have either Golden Retriever or Labrador Retriever combined with a poodle, as well as many from the terrier group. It is important to remember that all three of these breeds are hunting dogs by nature. There are also breeds I have never seen before. For example, the Black and Tan Coonhound, pictured on top of the video of the podcast above, the Plott Hound or the Mountain Cur. Regardless of the type of hunting dog you may have, it is highly recommended to fulfill their physical and mental needs in order to maintain a balanced dog. Plott Hounds As with many hunting breeds, Plott Hounds have a unique bark that can drive a lot of families crazy. They require lots of daily exercise with plenty of space to roam. They are used primarily for hunting larger animals such as bears and boars. They are an intelligent breed which means they need to be challenged not just physically but also mentally. As Gary mentions, some breeds like the Plott Hound can be a challenging family pet due to their high energy and strong prey drive. They can also be difficult to potty train. They may eliminate whenever and wherever they feel like it. Gary advises families with Plott Hounds to put in durable, waterproof vinyl flooring. It may take awhile to fully potty train them! Bloodhounds Another hunting breed that can be challenging to have as a family pet is a Bloodhound. I have only experienced one Bloodhound in my career as a dog trainer. A woman brought one to Petco for my six week obedience class. He lasted two weeks. He was already a huge dog at 10 months old, which made it difficult to control his urge to jump on everyone and everything. Petco discouraged and forbade their dog trainers from using pinch collars, but when my manager saw how out of control this dog was, he handed me one! Gary jokes about how many Bloodhounds should be in an obedience class - one! Their independent nature requires very patient and consistent training. Their intense tracking instinct sets them in a class above all others. Gary has fond memories of working search and rescue sites with a man who handled Bloodhounds. Tracking vs Trailing We have all seen our dogs sniffing the ground wherever they walk. If you observe your dog long enough as they are sniffing, sometimes they sniff intensely and seem to follow a path. This is called tracking. When this is done in a hunting environment, it is sometimes done as the dog drags a long leash or the handler is holding a leash. Handlers use the keen sense of smell of scent hounds to detect, follow and locate a specific scent, such as a wounded or dead deer. Most of us have seen shows on television where the scent hound is used in search and rescue missions. Handlers will have their dogs search for a scent left by footprints, blood, or broken vegetation where animals may have passed through. Trailing dogs follow a specific scent in the air or around obstacles. They can locate a deer that may have fallen when wounded, but then got back up and kept walking. Their heads are usually level or held in the air. They are usually ahead of their handler and operate independently. If they lose the scent, they will start to circle around to find the scent again. Many dogs will be adept at both tracking and trailing to assist the hunter. Gary talks about how dogs are highly skilled at staying on the scent trail. They know that the scent is stronger on the shady side of a hill covered with dew in the morning versus the sunny side where the scent has been baked off. Another type of hunting dog is a scent dog. Their powerful sense of smell allows them to track prey over long distances. Their alluring long ears is a characteristic that aids them in sweeping the scent of their prey towards their nose. Beagles, Bloodhounds, and Coonhounds are all scent dogs with the Bloodhound being the apex scent dog. Just look at those ears in the picture above! Beagles make excellent hunting dogs and family pets. They are known for their nose to the ground while running approach to sniff out and direct rabbits and small game towards their hunter. They work well in a pack to flush out bunnies in the brush. Their baying (type of bark) is unique and can alert their hunters from far away. If you have ever heard a beagle baying, I think you would agree with me that it sounds like he’s being tortured. We had one in our neighborhood we called Torture Dog! However, their curious, clown-like nature makes them fun family pets. They do very well in obedience classes and can learn any skill presented to them. When referring to hunting dog breeds, there are sight hounds like the Greyhounds, Whippets and Salukis. They rely on their sense of sight over their sense of smell to spot and chase prey. They are notorious for their incredible speed and aerodynamic build. They also make wonderful couch potato loving companions but must be socialized and exercised daily. Training Hunting Dogs According to Gary, the most important skill you can teach your hunting dog is the recall, or the “Come” command. Most 8 week old puppies have an innate desire to follow you around. Foster that instinct and develop it by increasing the distance between you and your puppy. At that stage, all you have to do is just look and smile at them, and they will come running to you. When they get distracted by something, go hide behind a tree not too far away. Let them look for you and use their nose to find you. When they do find you, make a big deal out of it. You don’t want to create what Gary calls a “bootlicker” - a dog that won’t wander off on their own and prefers to stay by your side. The Recall or “Come” Command As the dog matures, get them used to dragging a long leash around. Gary recommends a Biothane leash that won’t get tangled in bushes. This will be your tool to follow through to make sure they come to you. In the early stages of the recall on leash, keep the distance short and the distractions few. Repeat, repeat, and repeat some more. Add the command “Come” as they are in the act of running to you. Dogs associate commands with the action they are performing at that moment. Only say the command once. If they don’t come, follow through with a tug on the leash until they come to you. It is important that they come right to your feet. Finish the recall with a nice sit and the dog looking at you. Reward them with a toy or treat and lots of praise. We have to make it worth it to the dog to come to us. Have an energetic way of calling your dog’s name to you. Keep it positive. Why would a dog want to come to their handler if they are consistently being yelled at to come? The “Leave It”/”Drop It” Commands Another very important command to teach your hunting dog is “Leave It” and “Drop It”. Work with a trainer to help move your dog through the stages of escalation as they pursue a moving target. The dog should be able to leave or drop the lure while they are excited. This can come in handy when your dog is pursuing a skunk! Some ideas your pet hunting dog can do to fulfill the instinct to hunt without actually hunting: * train your dog to have a reliable, consistent recall * Contact the American Kennel Club , NSTRA (National Shoot to Retrieve Association) or a local hunting club to attend hunting breed specific training and trials * take them for a “sniffari” (walking on a long leash in the woods) * play hide and seek with your dog * set up a scent trail of hidden treats or a squirt bottle trail of pureed meat and have your dog follow the trail * invest in a flirt pole designed to have dogs chase, catch and release a toy lure at the end of the pole (advisable to work with a trainer) * bury a valuable treat or bone for your dog after they have chewed on it and watch them find it and dig it out (great for hunting breeds known to dig out small prey from their burrow) * enroll in obedience classes for mental and physical stimulation throughout the dog’s lifetime * attend pack walks in wooded areas that also do obedience skills with the pack So many different hunting dogs make great family pets. As I mentioned in my previous podcast, it is important to know the characteristics of the breed you wish to have as a family member so that you can genetically fulfill their needs. We all can get in a rut and get lazy with our dogs. You will notice a difference in their behavior when you drain their energy with one of the many ideas mentioned above. They will be more calm and obedient. Make a commitment to your dog to walk them daily to drain their pent up energy. Do some research on the breed, join a breed specific club, and most of all, have fun with your dog! This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Dogs come in all shapes and sizes. There are over 400 different breeds, but they all stem from the Canis Lupus Familiaris species - the literal translation from Latin to English meaning Dog Wolf Domestic. Different breeds were created to serve different functions for humans. For example, some were created to help farmers herd livestock back to their housing quarters. Others were developed to protect livestock from intruders. In this episode, Gary Flynn from The Dog Advocate and I will be focusing on hunting breeds. It is difficult to quantify how many hunting dog breeds exist, however, they can be broken down into categories such as hounds, gun dogs, retrievers and terriers. They all have their specialties. The type of game you will be hunting will determine which breed you will choose. Gary is partial to German Shorthaired Pointers. They are highly intelligent, athletic and commonly known for hunting fowl. However, he has trained his dogs as versatiles : hunting fur and feathers. Gary recounts colorful stories in our podcast about hunting pheasants, turkeys, and small birds with his client’s and his own German Shorthaired Pointers. According to Gary: “German Shorthaired Pointers stay locked in pursuit of the holy grail!” When Gary is working with German Shorthaired Pointer puppies, their instinct to point already exists. He recounts how fun it is to observe a bunch of puppies who are all in point looking at a bubblegum wrapper, a bee, or anything that moves. This is not something that is taught. It is pure instinct. The puppies will learn as they mature to focus that instinct on birds or small animals. Pointing is how the dog communicates what is next. It is a pause before the pounce. If well trained, they will point exactly to what they found and wait for their handler to guide them to what comes next. It is a very intense and focused behavior, but Gary’s dogs will still obey commands while pointing. When older dogs point in a group, one dog may be pointing at another dog that is pointing to even another dog who is pointing at the location of the animal. They form a chain of pointers. This is called “honoring”. The dogs who come onto the scene where a dog is in a point, respects that dog by waiting and not stealing the prey. This prevents premature pursuit of the prey and demonstrates the discipline required to avoid chaos and an inefficient hunt. As the hunters approach the group, they must assess what they have come upon. They are able to handle the situation without interference from the dogs. Please keep in mind that the Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Wildlife (ODNR) oversees hunting and fishing by issuing licenses, establishing regulations and managing wildlife populations. Game wardens ensure laws are enforced. This is to prevent extinction of certain species and people shooting at game from their cars, etc. Gary mentions there is etiquette to follow when hunting. For example, it is unethical to shoot at birds that are out of range which can only wound and not kill. Suffering of an animal should be avoided. The mission statement of ODNR is: “To ensure a balance between the wise use and protection of our natural resources for the benefit of all.” Before I elaborate on the different hunting breeds Gary and I discussed, I would like to address the topic of hunting in general. Some people may not want to listen or read this post because it has to do with the demise of living beings. As an experienced hunter, Gary has observed time and time again how matter of fact dogs are about death. There is no remorse. The only emotion you could attach to the experience is gratification. They are satisfying an instinct. Sometimes, the dogs will flip the dead animal up in the air just to see if they can do it all over again. They couldn’t be happier. We have to remember, before our meat was already wrapped in cellophane to be sold in a grocery store, hunters had to go out and lure, trap, kill and gut animals daily. We all have the instinct to hunt. That means when we are forced to, we will try to live off the vegetables and fruit of the land and/or kill other animals in order to survive. A way we can simulate that instinct to hunt is to shop. The thrill of finding exactly what we are looking for is a form of hunting. We are excited when we find what we were looking for and we are disappointed when we don’t. This can result in pure exhaustion too! It is us humans who get in the way of our dogs doing what dogs are born to do. So often I have heard clients tell me similar stories about how they punished their dog for digging a hole to catch and kill their favorite chipmunk named Chippie. The dog had no emotional attachment to “Chippie” and couldn’t logically reason with themselves to not kill it just because you loved watching it frolic around your backyard. Pet parents must ask themselves if they are positively or negatively reacting to their dog when they are fulfilling the instinct to hunt. If they do not provide the structure and environment to fulfill these needs, adverse behaviors can arise. Gary drills in his client’s heads: “Stay out of the way of your dog and don’t interrupt the hunt”. Gary talks about how dogs feel when it’s an “off day” when the hunters are unable to find what they were looking for. It’s just like going fishing and the fish aren’t biting that day. If the dog doesn’t get rewarded with the hunt, Gary notices their behavior change. They actually seem to sulk and mope around. You always want to set the dog up for success no matter what skill you are teaching them. When Gary is working with puppies, he always ends a hunting session on a positive note. If nothing was caught, he will tie a long string to a bird wing and fling it around causing them to point. They can chase and catch that as their reward. Sometimes he will sneak away into some tall grass, make a lot of commotion, get the puppies to come check it out. A bunny might be in there. Whether they catch the bunny or not, it was still important to them because a bunny was there. It is worth mentioning that all dogs have a prey drive. They are predators. The instinct to hunt, chase and kill prey emanates from one of the four responses processed in their brain to ensure survival and continuation of the species: fight, flight, feed (eating) and breed (reproducing). Hunting is not part of the feed response. It is part of the fight response. Gary will return for a future podcast where we will delve into the prey drive and how he manages it so that the dog remains clear-headed as it escalates through this fight response. The instinct to herd animals also comes from the fight response. A border collie’s locked-in stare and posture when herding sheep looks different than a Bluetick Coonhound holding a racoon in a tree, but it comes from the same fight response. As a trainer working with different breeds, it is critical to understand what to expect from each breed. “Breed traits are real.” I don’t own a gun and have never hunted. However, when talking about dogs who were bred to perform specific tasks, there is something special about watching them do what comes natural to them. I love watching dogs work. There is a certain energy they exude while they are performing that instinctual act. My dog Ebi is a Leonberger. They were bred in Germany to pull carts on farms and to be reliable watchdogs. They also are known to be excellent swimmers and are still used in water rescues due to their size and strength. Their paws are webbed making them effective swimmers. Several years ago, I simulated a water rescue at the old Canine Country Club in North Olmsted. I had a floating device with a handle. I bobbed up and down shouting “Help!” Ebi swam over to me, I showed her the handle to grab with her mouth, and she pulled me to the ramp! I did not train her to do that. I unleashed the instinct which is in her DNA. It was an awesome experience. I also fulfilled Ebi’s instinct to haul carts by fitting her with a special harness and rigging up leads attached to a sled so she could pull my neighbor’s son on the snow covered sidewalk. As soon as I got her started, the instinct to pull took over and she pulled him right along as shown in the video below. Gary uses the term genetic fulfillment when talking about this innate, instinctual drive in dogs. I was fulfilling my Leonberger’s genetic makeup by simulating a swim rescue and pulling a sled. The activities I have chosen for her align with the original purpose of the Leonberger breed. In my opinion, a well balanced dog is one that gets their needs met in addition to the obvious eating, drinking and sleeping. They get plenty of exercise that includes structured and unstructured time. This includes structured walks with their leader and unstructured exercise rooting around in the backyard or playing with other friendly dogs. A well balanced dog is provided with activities that simulate or duplicate their specific needs as a breed. They also know their boundaries and limitations as set by their leader. Finally, they receive affection at the appropriate time - while they are calm and submissive. If these needs are not met, behavioral issues can arise. Gary recounts a story about clients of mine who were having a slew of behavioral issues with their Redbone Coonhound they purchased from a pet store. The adolescent puppy was eliminating all over the house, would not stay in a crate, and constantly broke away from them. These are all common behaviors of the breed, especially when they are not provided structure and getting their needs met. The clients actually wanted to make him a hunting dog and had aspirations to train him to do so. I reached out to Gary for his expertise since I didn’t know how to train hunting dogs. It required work that the client eventually realized they could not provide and ended up finding a new home for the dog. Some clients I have come across prefer hunting dog breeds. I understand why. As puppies, they are adorable with their big floppy ears that are almost as big as they are! The bright blue eyes of a German Shorthaired Pointer puppy or the droopy faces of Bloodhound puppies are irresistible. We also can’t forget that Labradors and Golden Retrievers are hunting dogs too. No matter what the breed, puppies melt our hearts. According to Gary, the worst reason to get a dog is how it looks. Instead, match the breed with your lifestyle based on what you currently do now, not what you are going to do. Puppies grow up to be beautiful dogs from an esthetic point of view, but can wreak havoc on their pet parents when their needs are not met. I hope I have sparked some motivation in you to reflect upon if and how you are genetically fulfilling your dog. You will also benefit from the feeling you will witness when you unleash that skill your dog’s DNA is yearning to express. Please share in the comments below what you currently do or would like to do for your dog so they can express and enjoy what they were bred to do. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Dr. Jennifer Smith has returned to the Canine Concierge podcast, “From A Dog’s Eye View” to discuss two misunderstood aspects of dog behavior - reactivity and aggression. Dr. Smith is a trauma-informed behavior specialist in Cleveland with extensive experience working with and training dogs. She brings her unique expertise of both humans and dogs to explain the neurological escalation cycle that drives these behaviors. She will also provide practical insights for pet parents struggling with reactive dogs. Together, we hope to help you understand what is happening in your dog’s brain and what you can do to manage and reduce the reactivity and/or aggression. According to Dr. Smith, reactivity is the dog’s expression of how they are interpreting their environment. They assess everything they smell, see, and hear, in that order. This determines what type of reaction they will have. Reactions are the dog’s way to communicate about what they are experiencing. If they are left to express their own reaction to a particular stimulus, they can get in a rut and repeat that same reaction over and over again. It is up to us as handlers to teach them to have a different reaction. “All reactions are communicative in nature.” Dr. Jennifer Smith Reactivity is not always an outwardly visible and audible response, like lunging and barking. It is also a passive reaction, such as Dr. Smith’s poodle named Blue, laying in the studio with us. He was told to lie down and stay. He is communicating that he feels safe and will successfully hold that stay until he is released. If he didn’t feel safe, he would be pacing, whining, panting and possibly drooling - all signs of stress. Aggression is the dog’s outward expression that is more severe than their initial instinct to investigate a stimulus they are unsure of. In my opinion, the most dangerous type of aggression is the quiet dog that is not showing the typical signs of an imminent attack. When dogs are improperly trained not to react to stimuli, they can suppress the typical initial signs of possible aggression such as barking and lunging. The dog will react in an explosive manner and go from the green zone to the red zone in a second. Reactivity is not always aggression. There are many factors that play a part in a dog’s reaction to stimuli. To name a few, a dog that is in pain can have an aggressive reaction when touched, but does not mean he is aggressive. A dog that is restrained and can’t reach the desired target can have an aggressive reaction, but should not be labeled aggressive. When dogs are playing, one dog can bark and bite the other dog when there is a disagreement. This may look like an aggressive act, but it is really a form of dog communication. As Dr. Smith mentions how mama dogs scold their puppies when they start getting obnoxious, is not a form of aggression, but a way to communicate to them to settle down. Certain breeds have traits that are more prevalent in some than in others. Some breeds are protective of their territory or owner, causing certain reactions. It is important to know these traits so you can manage them better. Just because your dog lunges and barks at other dogs, doesn’t mean that your dog is now labeled an aggressive dog. Could that dog’s reaction turn into aggression? Absolutely! Depending on the circumstances, your dog may have to defend himself from being attacked and bite the attacker. If your dog feels threatened and pressured enough by the stimulus, he can strike out. All of these factors come into play when assessing reactivity and aggression. Terriers are known to have stronger prey drives than other breeds. Their motivation and persistence when chasing their prey escalates as they pursue their prey more intensely than a dog that is known to retrieve prey. Dogs can be trained to chase but not kill. They can also be trained to maim or kill their prey. They can be trained to pursue and alert their owner where the prey is. It is how the dog is trained to move through these escalation cycles that determines the control you have over your dog. The average dog owner does not pursue this type of advanced training. Therefore, dogs that have not been taught the skillset to move through these drives can become so dangerous to people and animals that they become a liability to their community. This will be discussed in detail with Gary Flynn from The Dog Advocate when we talk about training hunting dogs. It is important to point out that our reactions can be totally different than our dog’s reaction even though we are experiencing the same stimuli in our environment. Their reaction can be starkly different when the dog is experiencing something they smell, see or hear, especially for the very first time. If it becomes a pattern, make a note of your dog’s reactions as they may be triggers for certain behaviors. As “my dog trainer friend”, Gary Flynn, always comments about this subject: One instance does not a behavior make” This means that just because your dog had a particular reaction to something or someone once, it doesn’t mean he will always have a reaction to the same thing again. It is when the dog has this reaction several times to the same trigger that it becomes predictable, is it now an issue that needs to be addressed. For example, just because your dog backed up and was not interested in meeting a random man with a hat on, doesn’t mean that your dog is afraid of all men with hats. However, if your dog only has this type of reaction to several men with hats in different places, then you will want to take precautions when introducing him to men with hats. For example, we humans may know that the garbage bin on the side of the road poses no threat to us. However, our dog may start growling, barking, and resisting by backing up. These are all signs of feeling uncomfortable and unsafe with the garbage bin. The worst thing we can do is force the dog towards the garbage bin while vocalizing in a frustrated tone and energy that there is nothing to be afraid of. The reaction in the dog is real and should not be discounted by the pet parent. We don’t want to make the dog feel that they cannot trust their own skillset because you are telling them they should be reacting in a different way. Instead, validate how the dog feels and then take action to fix it. A way to help the dog is to implement what I call the distance formula - find that distance from the garbage bin where your dog can sit by your side without growling or barking. Then, step by step with substantial time in-between each step to recover, slowly approach the bin until you are right next to it. Keep your leash loose with each progression. Then, leave it up to the dog to investigate the garbage can by sniffing it. This may take several days. You can never be in a hurry when conditioning your dog to have a different reaction than their original reaction. Why Reactivity is Common Today Reactivity has become a buzzword in the dog community. So many more people have dogs today than when I grew up. There are many stores that are dog friendly. You can travel with your dog and stay in designated dog friendly hotels. There are patios where you can eat and have drinks with our dogs at our side. However, not every dog is as comfortable as we are with these different places. Not every business owner is a dog person. We must respect that. Every place and every activity is not for every dog. Be aware of your dog’s limits as a social being. Don’t force them into those situations just because you want a dog that can accompany you everywhere you go. It is a balance you must strike. You don’t want to limit and restrict your dog from certain experiences. but you also don’t want to expose them to situations you know they are uncomfortable with. Aggression is best explained by Dr. Smith’s chart below. The schematic below shows which part of the brain is activated during each cycle of escalation and what visible signs are noticeable during each phase. The Green Zone The part of the brain that is colored green in the schematic is the executive functioning part. It is the CEO of the brain. The dog is in a relatively calm state. They use their sense of smell to explore, their body is relaxed, their eyes are soft (the whites of their eyes are not showing), and they accept treats. This is the only zone when they can take in new information. This is the zone that is necessary for learning in my obedience classes. When I notice dogs starting to move into the yellow zone, I tell the pet parent to move their dog to a different place where the distractions aren’t as high. In the green zone, the dog may be lying on his side. This reflects a different state of mind than when they lie in the sphinx position where they can erupt and get up very quickly. The dog will feel safe enough to engage in play. It must be noted that play can encourage a dog to move to the next levels of escalation. If you have a dog that moves through the escalation cycle rather quickly, you must know when to end the play session so that your dog does not get to the red zone. The Yellow Zone The yellow and orange zones are the emotional parts of the brain right above the brainstem. The dog is processing a stimulus in their environment that we refer to as a trigger. This can be another dog, person, squirrel, or anything that moves. Their head raises up, their ears are alert and they may sniff the air. When they start to focus in and stare at the trigger, the first sense that is affected is their sense of smell. They are not able to sniff and hone in on a target. You may have to repeat a command a couple of times because now they are distracted enough to not execute the command you give them on the first try. You may have to use the scent of treats right up to their nose to get their attention first and then tell them the command. They can still execute the command. If they are getting fearful, they may sidle up to you or stand behind you. They may even jump up on you as if to solicit your help. Realize that this is happening, but remember if you reward this behavior by petting, hugging or picking them up, they will continue this until you show them how to manage their fear. The best thing to do in this instance is to acknowledge they are fearful but to not vocalize it. Just remain calm. Your dog will sense your energy through the leash. If your dog is out in front of you, bring them in to your side and react from a position of leadership. If the dog stays out in front of you, they think they have to handle the object that is making them nervous all by themselves. This increases their anxiety. Most dogs want a leader to follow. They want someone else to make the decisions and keep them safe. When they feel they have to make the decisions, they become out of balance. “Our number one job is to keep our dogs safe.” - Dr. Jennifer Smith Our promise to our dogs is to keep them safe. The more you do that, the more they will trust you. If you don’t help them get out of situations that are stressful for them, if you wait for them to manage them on their own, now you become part of the reason why they started to escalate in the first place. They start seeing you as part of the trigger. If you let your dog continue to escalate, and you are not breaking that cycle, their brain cannot logically function to deescalate. They are beginning to enter the orange and possibly the red zone. When dogs are in the yellow zone, they can still return to the green zone. The further up the escalation cycle, the harder it is to come back down. They get more protective of themselves because they are not trusting their environment. It is essential to recognize your dog’s signs when they are not at ease and are starting to escalate. You can still sway them to calm down by providing more distance between the trigger and themselves. You can also use treats to get the focus back on you and not the trigger. This is very important. Your dog should think that you are the best thing in the world to them. More valuable than any trigger. I teach this in my obedience classes. The problem is, overtime, most people abandon this skill. In the picture below, Rosie is focused on something outside. Her tail is up, her mouth is closed, her stare is intense, and her legs are stiff. She either is about to bark or is taking a quick break from barking. She has also climbed up on the bed not only to see out the window better, but also to feel in a more dominant position to the object outside. She is in the yellow zone, but will be able to return to the green zone with some coaxing from her pet parent. The Orange Zone When dogs move into the orange zone, the handler must be very attentive to take action quickly so they do not escalate into the red zone. Their body is stiff and the corners of their mouth are tight. However, when your dog is in the orange zone, the last thing you are looking at is their mouth! I have seen too many times how pet parents will stay in place in front of the trigger and have their dog out in front of them while the dog is barking and lunging. They get frustrated at their dog for continuing to bark and lunge. Your objective should be to move your dog to a safer place that will calm your dog down. At this stage, they will no longer take treats. You have to physically remove them. This is when your dog can be more powerful than you and can actually take you down if not handled properly. “Triggers are not going to remove themselves. You have to remove the dog.” - Dr. Jennifer Smith The Red Zone As the dog moves up the escalation cycle, the part of the brain that is activated moves further down. The brainstem is activated in the red zone. This is the fight or flight response. It is the oldest part of the brain and sometimes referred to as the caveman’s brain. Upon birth, it is an expert at what it does. The fight, flight or freeze responses are its only skills. If your dog has escalated to the red zone, there is no longer voluntary learning. Its only job is to keep itself safe. A dog’s skillset becomes very limited and will take it upon himself to attack if necessary or to run away. They may freeze, which will leave them vulnerable, but for some, their only way to cope with this situation is to freeze. No logic can be mustered up. It’s all about survival at this point. In the picture above, the classic signs that a bite is most likely imminent: ears are drawn back, whites of eyes showing, pupils are dilated, the corners of the mouth are tight and drawn in, teeth are barred, and the paw is stiff and extended to get the person to stop manipulating them. This dog is most likely more fearful than forward moving dominant because of his position of leaning slightly backwards. I have experienced plenty of red zone cases where the dog will attack or run away. I have seen dogs freeze because they were so scared of their environment. I have also seen dogs shutdown and freeze when their pet parent has corrected them too much with their voice and their collar. Sensitive dogs can be very quick to freeze, especially those who have experienced trauma. It takes an extremely patient handler to work with dogs like this. They have to be calm yet assertive, and not too assertive. This is a difficult lesson to teach my clients, but most have been successful. The dog can remain cautious and fearful but still live a good life. The same effects of trauma happen in the human world. One client I had froze when his girlfriend was being attacked by their dog. Now I know why the boyfriend had that reaction. Both the boyfriend and the dog activated their caveman brain! I had to intervene to put an end to the attack. Luckily the woman had on a thick enough jacket that the dog didn’t pierce through, but the bite was vicious. He bit and thrashed her arm from side to side almost taking off her loose coat. I’m lucky I didn’t get bit. In cases where the dog has experienced repeated trauma at a young age, the brainstem can actually grow and bump into the adjacent part squeezing out the ability of that part to develop. If that happens, then that part of the brain and neuropathways get pruned. If the dog stays in the red zone, those pathways will never develop. Temperament Testing Temperament testing is the functional assessment of a puppy or dog through observation. A professional will look for patterns the dog manifests when exposed to stimuli. It is not just limited to puppies. Puppies change as they mature according to their experiences. However, Dr. Smith believes that as soon as the sperm hits the egg, the temperament is born. This is why show dog breeders and service dog organizations heavily emphasize the temperaments of many generations of the male and female breeder dogs. Even though the genetic line is exemplary, each dog still requires a temperament test. When I go to a client’s home for the first time, I start by telling them to let the dog(s) come to greet me. The client is usually worried about the dog jumping on me. I tell them that I can tell a lot about how the dog(s) behave around me. I always enter the house and just stand there without looking at or touching the dog(s). I have to make sure the client understands why I do this. Otherwise, they think I am being rude to their dog(s) by not acknowledging them. After the greeting process, then I observe how each family member interacts with the dog and what their response is. Sometimes, I will ask the family members to leave temporarily in order to evaluate if their behavior is affected by them. I make mental notes of where the dog positions themselves in relation to myself and other family members. In a multi-dog household, I observe if there is a dominant dog and how that dog affects the behavior of the other dogs. Finally, I ask the client to show me how they feed their dog and how they walk their dog. I will also walk the dog to see how receptive he is to my energy and leadership. After all of those factors, I can begin to develop a plan to improve these behaviors and help train the dog so that everyone can live harmoniously under the same roof. According to Dr. Smith, changing a human’s or dog’s behavior is extremely challenging. Sometimes with little to no results. It depends on how receptive and committed the human is to change. It takes consistency to stick to a rehabilitation program and knowledge of dog behavior. The motivation to change is key. It is amazing what people will put up with from their dogs. Sometimes, clients don’t even realize they can change their dog’s behavior. My success as a professional dog trainer is by proving to the client that the dog can change. I accomplish this by successfully demonstrating what they thought was impossible. I would like to conclude this post by recapping the key takeaways in defining reactivity, aggression, and the escalation cycle. First, reactivity is simply how dogs interpret and respond to their environment. It is not always aggression. Every dog reacts to stimuli, but the key is understanding when those reactions indicate stress or fear versus curiosity or excitement. Second, the escalation cycle shows us that dogs move through four distinct brain zones. The green zone is where voluntary learning happens. Your dog is calm, accepts treats, and responds to cues. The yellow zone is the emotional response where dogs become alert and their ability to learn diminishes. They are still able to return to the green zone. The orange zone is also an emotional response area but more intense. Dogs are no longer exploring their environment through their sense of smell. If not removed from this zone, they can easily escalate to the final zone, the red zone. This is the fight-or-flight response, where dogs have limited options and can no longer process incoming information. Signs of aggression can be imminent if not restrained. Third, understanding your dog’s temperament is crucial. Temperament is presented fro

My guest, Brendan McCarthy, is the operations manager and one of four founders of Doggy Style. Brendan’s company sells their own line of pet care products. What separates retail dog grooming products from Doggy Style products is the quality and uniqueness of the natural ingredients. Most of the ingredients are plant based. Work experience Before Brendan formed his own company, he worked for Park Ohio Industries in Cleveland. He ran their operations for 12 years by revitalizing local companies that were run down and needed improvements. This experience led to his next job working in operations, quality control and sales for Blue Buffalo, the #1 - selling pet food brand. They were one of the first national companies with an all-natural ingredients dog food. Blue Buffalo is a family run business that started in 2003. When the family’s Airedale, named Blue, was diagnosed with cancer, they started looking into giving him the best quality food possible. What a motivator to create their own all natural food with quality ingredients! The founding members of Doggy Style are Brendan, his brother, his cousin, and a good friend from the Blue Buffalo family. They were talking one day about creating shampoo for dogs. They noticed that it was hard to find a good dog shampoo, especially one with natural ingredients. Brendan was intrigued by this concept since one of his dogs was plagued with itchy, irritated skin. The shampoo he was using could have contributed to that. One of the team members was in the ingredients business. He had knowledge and exposure to plant-based products for humans. The four compadres all loved dogs and thought it would be innovative to invent a recipe for a shampoo. They wanted their product to be good not just for the dog, but for the pet parents and their home/environment. They didn’t know it at the time, but they were to become a team and create a whole line of pet products. Doggy Style Shampoo Brendan remembers the day they all got serious in creating an all natural dog shampoo. It was August 23, 2023. Some ingredients they wanted to include were coconut oil, olive oil, and natural soaps. It was important to them that the remaining ingredients were all natural and plant-based. Doggy Style shampoo is both a hypoallergenic shampoo and conditioner. It only takes a little shampoo to produce a lot of suds. The best way to apply it is putting a little bit on one of their massaging brushes and gently rubbing it into the dog’s fur. In order to make a shampoo, an elastomer is required. Most elastomers are man-made and silicone based. Doggy Style shampoo uses an all-natural elastomer called Gransense, which has only been on the market for approximately 5 years. It binds the other ingredients in the shampoo with different oils to produce a moisturizer type feel to the shampoo. This benefits the dog by making their fur stay soft for days and weeks. The other plant based ingredient is Sage Balance . It has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. It is also anti-odor and anti-dander. The antimicrobial agents destroy microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi that can cause itchy skin. Doggy Style shampoo is the only shampoo on the market with both Gransense and Sage Balance. Doggy Style shampoo doesn’t claim to be a whitening shampoo. However, it does whiten dog’s fur because it removes the unnecessary oils and returns them back to their natural pure color. I refer you to my previous podcast dated 10/14/25 about grooming with Sharyn Ugan, a dog should not be fully bathed every day or every week. Once a month is adequate. Bathing too often can strip the natural oils in a dog’s coat. If it is necessary to bathe your dog more often, using Doggy Style shampoo is much safer than other shampoos on the market due to the natural ingredients. It is based off a baby formula, so you could bathe your dog twice a week and it wouldn’t hurt. It would actually help in the case of hot spots or itchy skin. Brendan recommends a couple of baths within the first week of the onset of skin irritation. The itching will most likely disappear unless an internal problem exists, such as allergies or other conditions. Please seek the advice of a veterinarian to identify the root problem. Deodorizer Spray If there is a need to freshen up your dog’s fur or just make it smell better, Doggy Style makes a deodorizer spray that also acts as a conditioner. This is a top seller for Doggy Style. Brendan suggests carrying a bottle in the car and having one on hand in the house. Sometimes I feel the need to freshen up my dog in between baths. This spritz smells very fresh and pleasant. Brendan suggests to spritz a little on your wrist to smell it first to see if you like it. After all, it is you who will be smelling it the most! Doggy Style chose Grant Industries as one of their main suppliers. Grant Industries is a leading global provider to the personal care and beauty industry. They pride themselves in providing materials that are safe for consumers. One of their products is essential oils which are derived from plants and contain aromatic compounds. Brendan’s team tried many different ones until everyone agreed on The Ocean. This is what makes their shampoo and spritzer so pleasant. The scent is for the humans, of course. Dogs can roll in dirty diapers and be happy, but their pet parents won’t be! Paw Protector Another great product that Doggy Style sells is a paw protector. This product can protect paws from cracking, bleeding and getting chapped from very cold, dry temperatures. Exposure to snow, salt, ice, and chemical de-icers can irritate the pads and become problematic. The best time to apply the paw protector is right before heading out for your daily walk. It is also advisable to wash and wipe off the pads when returning home from the walk. If there are any injuries or small fissures, apply some more protector to the pads. The same product that protects, also heals. Many pet parents may not use paw protector because they are concerned it is not safe for their dogs if they lick their paws. However, Doggy Style’s paw protector is lick safe and will not cause any stomach upset if ingested. There is actually some charcoal in the product to deter the dogs from licking it. After all, you don’t want to make it so appealing that the dog enjoys licking it and negates the whole reason you are applying it in the first place! The variety of oils: coconut, olive, sunflower seed and sweet almond, combined with the sage balance is what produces the healing properties of the paw protector. It can also be used to heal hot spots, dry spots, and even can be used on their nose and crusty elbows. It is soft enough to scoop easily and apply just the right amount. Scrub Brushes and Regular Brushes As mentioned above, the best way to apply Doggy Style shampoo is with a scrub brush pictured below. A little bit can go a long way. The scrub brush also helps spread the shampoo more evenly. The shampoo is thicker than most dog shampoos, so squeezing it out directly on the dog makes it more difficult to spread around. Personally, I love the scrub brush better than scrubbing my dog’s fur with my fingers, especially around the back end! It acts as a massager too. Just as a massage feels good for us, the scrub brush can act as a massager as well. Brendan’s dog Maggie isn’t a fan of baths but she perks right up when she sees the scrub brush. The scrub brushes come in two different sizes. The smaller one is for short fur and smaller dogs. The bigger one has longer bristles and can cover more territory for larger dogs. Both the scrub brushes and the regular brushes are made out of bamboo and are tightly sealed with high quality silicone. This prevents mold from forming. Bamboo is durable and water resistant but is not waterproof. It is advisable not to expose it to prolonged moisture. Towel Doggy Style also makes a 20”X40” towel for drying the dog off. It is 87% cotton and 13% charcoal fused rayon. When you dry your dog, the charcoal pulls any odors and oxidants out of the skin and fur. The charcoal is activated by the heat from the friction of drying the dog off. The charcoal is good for the life of the towel. Putting it through a wash cycle and then in the dryer will not degrade the effectiveness of the charcoal. Doggy Style is currently working on a larger version of the towel. It will be the size of a bath towel - great for larger dogs. They are also working on developing all natural disposable paw wipes - great for spot cleaning dirty paws. How Doggy Style Got Its Name Doggy Style strives to keep as much of their products manufactured first in Ohio (as close as New Albany) and then within the United States. However, they had to source out the cap of the shampoo overseas in order to get the green color they wanted. So much more goes into not just developing the product but also finding a company to manufacture the container it is sold in. Now that the team had a specialty product available to market, they needed to come up with a name. Brendan’s brother Dan interviewed over 500 people in Washington, D.C. where he lives. He asked people walking with dogs 6 questions about grooming their dogs. He asked questions about where and how often they bathe their dogs. He also asked what shampoo they use or what their groomers use and if they would prefer an all natural dog shampoo. Some people knew the name of the shampoo they used but many did not. That’s when he decided that the name of their shampoo had to be catchy and memorable. Doggy Style achieves that! Every dog has their own style! Doggy Style Logo Doggy Style found an exceptional Cleveland based brand company called New Baum. Brendan and his team wanted their own dogs to be part of the logo. Instead, they compromised and chose an Irish Wolfhound because of their heritage. Irish Wolfhounds are huge dogs with huge character. It just fit their Doggy Style image. When Brendan is exhibiting his products at a convention, inevitably people with Wolfhounds will come up and approach him. Where to buy Doggy Style Products Doggy Style products are sold first and foremost on their website . They are also sold in over 60 stores in the Cleveland area, the east coast, and in Florida. Some of the stores where they can be found locally are Pets General in Lakewood , Lake Road Market in Rocky River , and Pet-Tique in Cleveland. They are looking to expand in other retail stores that sell all natural products. When ordering products via the Doggy Style website, enter the discount code: 10_OFF_WELCOME to receive 10% off your first order. I highly recommend and use all of the Doggy Style products. I take Ebi to Pet Supplies Plus to bathe her. In my opinion, they have the best self-serve pet wash in town. Their state of the art bathing station at their Fairview Park store includes an operator friendly dial to control a rinse, shampoo, and conditioner cycle. You can also bring your own shampoo. They provide plenty of towels and an apron so you don’t get soaked when your dog decides to shake off excess water! After the final rinse, there is an attachment for drying your dog. I started using Doggy Style products last summer and was hooked after the first time. Ebi’s fur stays soft and looks so shiny and healthy for at least a week after her bath. In between baths, I use the spritz to freshen up the typical dog smell. She doesn’t care for it when I spray the deodorizer spray directly on her fur, so I spray a some on the brush and brush her out. She still tries to rub it off on the floor unless I immediately put her leash on and we go for a walk. The all natural ingredients in Doggy Style products resonates with my holistic approach to nutrition and wellness treatments for pets. In the near future, I will have a podcast dedicated to this subject. After all, we are what we eat and the environment around us has an impact on our health and well being. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Before I had the honor of meeting my two guests, Zaron Van Meter and Stefanie Mowrey, the information I had about puppy mills was based on second hand knowledge. I also learned a lot from a book that a client/friend gave to me entitled, “The Doggie in the Window” by Rory Kress, pictured below. My very first exposure to the existence of puppy mills happened about 25 years ago. I remember exactly where I was. I had just finished playing tennis with a weekly women’s league. We were all talking in the lobby of the North Olmsted Rec Center. One of the ladies was asking for signatures on a petition that had to do with puppy mills and the welfare of the puppies born and raised in them. Someone had to explain to me what puppy mills were. I was horrified to say the least. My Exposure to Puppy Mills I am originally from upstate New York. I thought at the time that the existence of puppy mills was an Ohio issue. I was in disbelief anyone could treat dogs with anything but love. Jump ahead 25 years, I never dreamed I would have a venue such as this podcast to spread awareness of this sensitive subject. Additionally, to be able to host two dedicated dog advocates who are fighting for more effective and efficient enforcement of legislation protecting the welfare of dogs in high volume dog breeder facilities, known as puppy mills. Zaron and Stefanie have taught me so much about the regulations puppy mills are supposed to adhere to and the current oversight that exists. In both episodes of our podcast, they talk about this and the effects puppies and dogs have after growing up in a puppy mill. It is not just the physical, but also the mental toll it takes on them. Before I became a dog trainer in 2012, I volunteered at the Cuyahoga County Animal Shelter for almost a year. I knew that I wanted to work with dogs and thought this would be a good way to get hands-on experience with all types of dogs. I don’t ever remember anyone telling me that certain dogs were from a puppy mill. When I look back on that experience knowing what I know now, I think about particular dogs behaving in a way that could have indicated they were distrustful of humans for one reason or another, or they were from a puppy mill. We were told to just put the bowl of food in their crate and not to take them out for a walk. They were terrified and shaking. Their pupils were dilated and they were practically glued to the back of the crate. As I mentioned to Zaron and Stefanie, there was a computer station at Petco when I started working there in 2012 that allowed customers access to websites selling dogs. The general consensus was that this was a great idea - better than buying a dog from the newspaper, like my family and I did with our Corgi, Hank. By the time I left, the computer was gone. We weren’t told why. We all assumed that it was because it didn’t work anymore. However, Zaron and Stefanie revealed to me that puppy mill breeders can also be licensed brokers. They could be the ones selling these cute puppies online or part of a network of high volume dog breeders. When I think about certain dogs I trained in obedience classes, they too could have come from puppy mills. No one ever told me they knew they adopted a dog from a puppy mill. I recall soon after I was hired at Petco, I asked the dog trainer I replaced if he thought dogs could have “a screw loose”. I don’t really remember his answer. At that time, I was experiencing a young dog that was so out of control and unpredictable that nothing worked. One minute he was happy go lucky and the next minute he was attacking whoever had the leash, even his owner. The owner purchased the dog to be a therapy dog. Well, the dog ended up getting rehomed and the owner’s dream dashed of making him a therapy dog. At the time, I chalked that one up to my inexperience as a dog trainer. Current notoriety of puppy mills When I think about the dog I tried to train at Petco with the knowledge I have now, there was something wrong with the dog. Perhaps the dog’s behavior was due to poor breeding and was possibly from a puppy mill. Today, it is more and more common to hear that people knowingly adopt a puppy or dog from a puppy mill. Individuals at shelter and rescue agencies, including Stefanie, are familiar with the urgency that arises when breeders surrender unwanted dogs or puppies to a shelter. This situation occurs after breeders receive a two day notice of an inspection. Please refer to her story in Part 1 about the Rottweiler puppy she adopted within the past two years. It has reached a point where rescue agencies are tapped out. Volunteers and fosters are in short supply. There are just too many dogs being born that are suffering due to the lack of care inside these puppy mills. Additionally, the people who rescue or purchase them can be riddled with vet bills due to diseases, physical, or behavioral issues. There are just not enough people to care properly for them. This issue is not improving. It is only getting worse, to the point that puppy mills are no longer a hush-hush word. Puppies and dogs need to be rescued when puppy mills are violating regulations after being inspected, and they need to get rid of dogs. Too many dogs are disposed of either by dumping them on the side of the road, or ethically or unethically euthanized. It is difficult to state accurately what they do and how widespread it is since reporters and the public have difficulty gaining access to this information. How Ohio rates in regulating puppy mills Ohio is second in the nation for having the most egregious violations found by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)inspectors. This is backed up annually by “The Horrible Hundred” published by The Humane World for Animals. Some issues that are commonly found by inspectors in “The Horrible Hundred” list itemized by state are: * too many dogs per crate * unsanitary conditions * sick or injured dogs * inadequate and substandard veterinary care for surgical procedures * problematic veterinary check ups of female dogs suitable for breeding According to inspection reports that are available to the public, docking of tails have been performed using carpet knives. I remember a client of mine with a Corgi whose tail was cut off right at the base of the tail. It made an impression on me because my Corgi’s butt did not look like that. I also have seen Corgi tails cut off about 4 inches from the base of the tail, like a boxer’s tail. I have seen a Boxer’s stub infected when the puppy was picked up. At the time, I knew what I saw wasn’t quite right, but I didn’t know what I was really looking at. Cropping ears used to be legal only if done by a licensed vet. However, in 2022, the Joint Committee on Agency Rule Review ( JCARR) ruled in favor of the breeders. Now, ears can be cropped by the breeder. We can only hope that both the docking of tails and cropping of ears are done under anesthesia by a licensed vet in the puppy mills. PPOV is trying to reverse this procedure back to where only a licensed vet can perform the cropping of ears. Stefanie tells us the Humane Society she volunteers for accepted 1,000 puppies and dogs in 2023. Almost half of them came from puppy mills. According to the intake person at the rescue agency, the biggest problem she sees is how many emergency medical issues exist with the puppy mill dogs such as C-section complications on female breeder dogs, dental issues, and the effects of the amount of stress endured at the facility. Whether the breeding process is done naturally or by artificial insemination, it has to be very stressful on both the male and female dogs. When ethical breeders get the male and female together to mate naturally, that process is stressful for both. I can only imagine how puppy mill breeders conduct the mating process. Oversight for high volume dog breeders High volume dog breeders in Ohio are regulated by the Ohio Department of Agriculture. These breeders must obtain proper insurance or surety bonds, breeders licenses, and adhere to existing laws ensuring the welfare of the puppies and dogs housed on their premises. Ohio regulations classify high volume dog breeders as an establishment that keeps, houses, and maintains 6 or more breeding dogs and does at least one of the following: * sells 5 or more adult dogs or puppies to brokers or pet stores in one year for a fee or consideration * sells 40 or more puppies or dogs to the public in a year for a fee or other consideration * houses and maintains more than 40 puppies under 4 months old, bred on premises and have been primarily kept, housed, and maintained from birth on the premises of the establishment. Currently, there are over 900 licensed breeders in Ohio. According to Ohio Department of Agriculture, there are 468 licensed high volume dog breeders. There are 453 licensed brokers. It is possible for a breeder to also be a broker. This means that a breeder can sell their dogs on the side of the road to paying customers like us. However, due to their high volume of dogs, they will also use brokers to pick up puppies and dogs to be sold to pet stores and online sites. Brokers pay the breeders for the cost of the dogs. They in turn will charge the pet store or online brokers a fee to recover their costs. Legislation intended to protect the welfare of puppy mill The last time legislation was passed concerning high volume dog breeders was in 2012. Senate Bill 130 (or SB130) , section 956.04 took 7 years to pass. This bill established criteria for high volume dog breeders to follow. These are outlined in Part 1 of this podcast. Two of the stipulations have to be reintroduced due to lack of adherence by the breeders and lack of enforcing. One provision is the “no-knock” inspection. Inspections are to be unannounced so that inspectors see the real conditions of the facility. The other provision that needs to be reintroduced is the proper, ethical docking of the tails and trimming of the ears by licensed veterinarians. Senate Bill 232 Zaron and Stefanie founded Passion & Purpose for Ohio’s Voiceless (PPOV) two years ago. Their mission is to educate the public and advocate for the welfare of dogs in puppy mills. Although the state has some of the strongest laws in the country, loopholes allow ongoing violations that jeopardize animal welfare. PPOV is collaborating directly with Senator Casey Weinstein, who has re-introduced and sponsored Senate Bill 232. There are four parts to this bill: * increase the number of establishments that are considered high volume dog breeders to be subject to regulation under the law governing breeders * require that all euthanasia and surgical procedures be performed by a licensed veterinarian * add tail docking, dew claw removal, and ear cropping as surgical procedures to be performed by a licensed veterinarian * require the Director of Agriculture, or an authorized representative to conduct inspections of high volume dog breeders during regular business hours without prior notice How everyone can help Senator Weinstein has asked PPOV to rally support for this bill. Legislative action depends on clear evidence that the community stands behind this cause. Your voice is critical in demonstrating to the legislature the urgent need for reform of the management of puppy mills. If you are willing to help, please strongly consider providing written testimony when the General Assembly reconvenes in February. A few days before the Senate Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee meets to hear testimony from us citizens, PPOV will be provided with a link to submit your written testimony. I will be sending out a separate post including a template with suggestions to follow for the testimony. Even if you have never had a personal experience with a suspected or known puppy mill dog, you can still voice your displeasure with how puppy mills are run. You can prepare your testimony now so that it is ready in a moments notice. I will be sending out a text only podcast notification of the date to submit your written testimony, as soon as I hear from Zaron and Stefanie. There is power in numbers - if we all work together, we can achieve our goal of adding legislation to help give a voice to the voiceless. We appreciate your support! Who to contact if you experienced fraud What you can do to speak up for the voiceless is to report any discrepancies in the required criteria for ethical breeding when purchasing a puppy or dog. If you feel that you have experienced fraud in any way, please contact the Attorney General of the State of Ohio, David Yost at tel. 614-466-4320. Stefanie recounts a story that a Facebook subscriber on the Passion & Purpose for Ohio’s Voiceless page, shared about how she received a dog that was different than the puppy she thought she purchased. She thought she was getting a puppy, but a vet determined it was at least two and a half years old! The “puppy” was sold online by an entity based out of Pennsylvania, the “puppy” was actually located in Ohio, and then was transported to Michigan and delivered to the customer’s doorstep. No paperwork was accompanied with the “puppy”. The woman did not want to try to return the dog for fear of what would happen back in the hands of this unethical breeder. The picture of the puppy was still listed as available on the website months later. This would be a classic case of fraud to be reported to the State Attorney General. Spread awareness of puppy mills by word of mouth Another way for people to help is to spread awareness of the signs that puppies or dogs may be part of the puppy mill network. When you hear about a friend or family member thinking about getting a dog, tell them to do their homework. You can even refer them to part 1 and part 2 of this podcast. We can fight for more and new legislation for our beloved canines, but it is up to the general public to report any offenses of existing laws to the proper authorities. By increasing awareness to your friends and family about puppy mills, we can all push back against the agencies regulating them. For example, if you know of anyone who volunteers as a transporter from the mills to the rescue agency, encourage them to learn about what is within the law or when the law is being broken. Violations must be reported. Who to contact if questioning the legitimacy of your breeder Please refer to the signs that your puppy may have come from a high-volume dog breeder in Part 1 of this podcast. One of these signs include paperwork that must accompany every dog which includes the breed, age, and name and address of the breeder. If you do not go home with the proper paperwork, or you have repeatedly asked for it with no success, find out the name and address of the breeder and report it to The Department of Agriculture. For enforcement issues, contact Jason Davis at tel. 614-549-0158. For all other issues, contact Donna Potter at tel. 614-728-6350. Also, please call the contacts above if you discover that the breeder you are dealing with does not have a breeder’s license. Refrain from buying the dog or puppy. Instead, do more research to find ethical breeders. A place to start is online for breeder specific clubs. These clubs are made up of people who care deeply about the dogs they find homes for. They can tell you where breeders of your desired breed are located near you. I suggest attending dog shows where ethical breeders have booths set up to answer any questions you may have about their specific breed. Dr. Jennifer Smith talks about this in our podcast entitled “Best in Show” . In my opinion, the existing problems with puppy mills can only be remedied through stricter regulations that are enforced. Not to diminish any onus on The Department of Agriculture, but I respectfully ask how 5 inspectors in the entire state of Ohio can properly manage over 450 high volume dog breeders. How many breeders exist under the radar, referring to unlicensed breeders? There are over 300 licensed breeders who don’t get inspected because they don’t meet the criteria for being a high volume dog breeder. I believe all breeders should be licensed and inspected. This will never happen with only 5 inspectors. Everyone involved is overworked and frustrated at the constant barrage of puppies and dogs that need homes right away. This podcast isn’t just for people who may have purchased or rescued a puppy mill dog. It is for anyone considering purchasing a puppy from a reputable breeder or rescuing a dog from a shelter or rescue agency. I hope to have provided some insight into this eye-opening issue of where puppies and dogs were bred and the conditions under which this occurred. ^1 “Ohio department of Agriculture”, https://www.agri.ohio.gov, last updated 1/18/26. ^2 “Ohio department of Agriculture”, https://www.agri.ohio.gov, last updated 1/18/26. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Nearly half of all households in the United States have at least one dog. Many have multiple dogs. All of those dogs were bred somehow and somewhere. This episode is to increase awareness of where your puppies and dogs may have come from. In particular, I will be focusing on commercial dog breeders known as puppy mills. Specifically, those located in the state of Ohio, even though they exist worldwide. Puppy mills are not the reputable breeders your friends or family may have recommended you get your puppy from. Commonly, they are unsanitary and have inadequate veterinary care. Their dogs are overbred and ill-bred, live in crowded undersized crates, and are provided insufficient socialization time, if any at all. There is no limit to how many dogs can be in one building. It can be hundreds. It is doubtful that there are enough people to properly care for the dogs housed in one location. Puppy mill owners typically use brokers who act as “middlemen” between the puppy mills and pet stores, breeders and online sales. However, they can also sell directly from their kennels to prospective customers like us. Many customers may not realize that they are dealing with a large-scale commercial breeder. The facilities, which can house hundreds of puppies, are often located at a distance from the point of sale and may not be visible to buyers. These breeders frequently transport animals across state lines. Puppies raised in such conditions may experience significant stress, potentially leading to behavioral challenges such as fearfulness or aggression. There are puppy mills who relinquish breeder dogs, and sometimes puppies, to rescue groups and shelters. They also call rescue groups to let them know that they have a certain amount of puppies or dogs they need to move out of their facility within hours. Some of the reasons could be: * an upcoming inspection * not adhering to size requirements of crates per dog * dogs can no longer produce puppies for health reasons * shoddy veterinary procedures * cost of euthanasia For this episode, I introduce two women from Columbus who are passionate in their advocacy for dogs and decided to do something about it. Stefanie Mowrey, seated next to me in the studio, and Zaron Van Meter, have tirelessly volunteered their spare time for many years by fostering, rescuing, and adopting dogs. Stefanie is a registered nurse whose passion for animals has endured since childhood. She was heavily influenced by a “60 Minutes” episode decades ago which depicted the unsavory conditions of puppy mills. It captivated her attention to take action when she became an adult. She started fostering, adopting and then volunteering at the local Humane Society, and for the Ohio state chapter of Bailing Out Benji. , where she met Zaron. Bailing Out Benji is a national non-profit organization which advocates for dogs in puppy mills and also provides research and education about them. While volunteering, Stefanie became more aware of the increasing number of dogs and puppies from mills and backyard breeders ending up in shelters and rescues. All too often, the shelters were already at capacity. Therefore, they have to rely heavily on fosters to take in dogs, especially puppies. Stefanie uses the example in our podcast of the shelter she volunteers for. This shelter will only adopt “puppy mill breeder dogs” out to a home that already has a resident dog in order to help the mill dog become less anxious and learn how to actually be a dog. Some puppy mill dogs do not know how to play. They don’t know how to socialize with people or other dogs. As a dog trainer, I know that the best teacher for dogs like this are other patient, gentle dogs. Dogs learn quickest and most effectively from other dogs, but it has to be the right type of dog. Dogs also want to know where they fit in their pack. A dominant and/or guard dog in this situation with a fearful newcomer can cause havoc. It is also up to the humans in the pack to ensure the safety of those involved. Zaron Van Meter is a business owner and has been an advocate for dogs for over 25 years. Through her involvement as the founder of SK9 Scottish Terrier Rescue, she organized presentations by well-known devoted companion animal advocates, such as Cesar Millan , Dr. Jean Dodds , Temple Grandin , and Dave Hunt(an expert on dog fighting). In 2012, Zaron was instrumental as an activist in getting an anti-puppy mill law passed included in Senate Bill 130 ( Ohio Revised Code 956.20 )1️⃣ which mandates better living spaces, regular vet exams, and health certificates for every dog that is sold to a vendor, like a retail pet store. Violations to this code is a misdemeanor. Zaron and Stefanie wanted to do even more to help out by reducing the amount of dogs coming from puppy mills, with the ultimate goal of eliminating them. They became involved in educating the public and informing Ohio legislators of the need to close loopholes in the current laws to protect dogs who come from all commercial breeders. In my opinion, there is not enough attention and priority given to puppy mills by the public and the government agencies that oversee them. More regulations need to be passed and current regulations need to be enforced more effectively. A light needs to be shined on these factories of sadness for the benefit of the dogs and the customers who unknowingly purchase them. There are laws and agencies to oversee and enforce existing regulations against the breeders. On a state level, there is the Ohio Department of Agriculture. On a federal level, it is the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Existing laws preventing abuse are rarely enforced. If they are, often the penalty is simply a fine. Breeders who have received many violations have been known to change their name and operate under a different licensed name. Even the mission statement of the Ohio Department of Agriculture, which oversees the high volume commercial dog breeder kennels, gives no mention to dogs. It reads: “To protect Ohio citizens by ensuring food supply safety, maintaining the health of plants and animals, and creating economic opportunities for the state’s farmers, food processors, and agribusinesses, all while preserving resources and supporting the state’s largest industry.”2️⃣ In Ohio, dogs are similarly classified as livestock. We all know and love our dogs as loving companions that share our homes and are members of our families. To think that dogs are also viewed as property and can be discarded at the whim of these commercial breeders is beyond sad. Their well-being is not at the forefront of their business plan. It all comes down to money. If a breeder dog can no longer have puppies for health reasons or overbreeding, they cease to be a moneymaker. They are discarded or euthanized. Their best chance for survival is to be transported to rescue groups or shelters and eventually adopted by a loving family. Laws in Ohio need to be passed to change the classification of our beloved dogs to be recognized as companion animals, not livestock. Examples of states that consider dogs’ welfare and best interest are New York, California, and New Hampshire. More states are updating their regulations and classification concerning dogs. Within the past two years, Pennsylvania joined suit. Ohio can too with your support! The Ohio Department of Agriculture(ODA) inspects high volume commercial dog breeders. However, there are only 5 inspectors in the entire state to cover the approximately 475 that exist.3️⃣ In 2025, Ohio was designated once again, the second worst state in the nation, with 16 commercial breeders committing major egregious violations. 4️⃣ This is according to the Humane Society of the United States’ (now known as The Humane World for Animals) list called “The Horrible Hundred” . These mills are sometimes documented repeat offenders that should be shut down. Currently, ODA inspections are announced. This is why puppy mills will dump numerous puppies/dogs at a time at a shelter or elsewhere before the inspection date. Mill breeders know they will be fined because of the health conditions of certain puppies or because they lack required paperwork. Legislation in Ohio needs to return to the original code stating inspections be unannounced. This way the proprietors would not be able to hide the true conditions of the living quarters for the puppies and dogs. More inspectors need to be hired, trained and protected from zoonotic diseases that can pass from puppies to humans. One disease that is becoming more prevalent in puppy mills is brucellosis. According to Dr. Felicia Nonnenmacher at Animal Clinic Northview, there is a simple blood test to screen for brucellosis. Most reputable breeders have their breeder dogs tested annually to make sure they do not expose positively tested dogs to people and other dogs. If a dog tests positive, antibiotics can be attempted, but unfortunately do not always lead to a cure. Euthanasia is recommended. Fortunately, Dr. Nonnenmacher has not seen a case of brucellosis in her practice. Zaron describes in our recording an experience a woman had in Canada with a dog she added to her existing pack that had brucellosis. It did not end well for her and her own dogs. Under the current Ohio law (code 956.20), when puppy mills sell to pet stores, the pet stores must provide paperwork to prospective buyers which include: * puppy’s date of birth * puppy’s breed including color, gender, and identifying marks * name and address of the breeder or kennel * health info, including vaccinations signed by a licensed vet * when the pet store took possession of the puppy * breeder’s USDA license number and inspection report (if applicable) Shady breeders hope that people won’t do their homework and research. Their website may look professional and inviting. They may say all the right things on the phone, but they are sourcing their puppies from puppy mills. Questionable breeders depend on impulse buyers. They advertise online and post pictures of adorable puppies. They count on prospective customers falling in love at the sight of these posing puppies. It is not difficult to hook them into a deal to buy them. The puppies in the picture below had Parvo - a potentially fatal and highly contagious virus that causes diarrhea and severe vomiting. One did not survive. They look cute, but their disease can easily be hidden. These puppies are not cheap. They are the same puppies that are sold for thousands of dollars at pet stores. On top of that, if puppies are not bred for their genes and temperament, they can cost thousands more dollars to correct health and behavioral issues. They could have been traumatized in their living quarters at the puppy mill, which can trigger fear or aggression issues. In some cases, these issues cannot be “trained out”. More often than not, some dog trainers do not want to take on or rehab severe fear or aggression cases. Shelters will not take them in if they have a bite history. Their future is grim. Guilt falls on the humans running these operations, all in the name of greed. It is up to the customer, and prospective pet parent, to be aware and do the hard work of researching and verifying their breeder of choice. The tricky thing about getting a puppy or dog from a breeder is you may think they are reputable. They may say all the right things to make you purchase a puppy or dog from them, but they really are part of a bigger network that gets their dogs from puppy mill breeders. Classic signs that the breeder your puppy or dog may have been sourced from a puppy mill include: * lack of transparency about the mother and father of the puppy * health certificates and papers not accompanied with puppy * puppy is delivered to your doorstep or at a neutral location away from the kennel * reluctance and resistance to answering your questions * urgency to sell puppies - puppies must be sold right away * injuries and diseases not disclosed * poorly docked tails or clipped ears * malnourished appearance * many different breeds bred on premises As Stefanie explains, shelters are overwhelmed. They already have enough dogs to take care of that come from the general population who either don’t want or can no longer take care of their dog. On top of that, they get litters coming from puppy mills. Space and funding for some of these shelters depend on donations. Volunteers help feed and walk these dogs. Vets give their valuable time to provide as much veterinary care as possible. Resources and volunteers are limited. Shelters are overcrowded. Puppies and dogs suffer from the overtaxed system. Stefanie and Zaron experienced puppy mill dogs through their rescue and volunteer work. As a practice, Zaron did not adopt or foster puppy mill dogs. However, while volunteering for the Scottish Terrier Rescue, they received notification that Scottish Terriers needed to find homes ASAP. This is referred to as a puppy mill bust. Zaron took in three Scottish Terriers that day. She happened to be having a fundraising garage sale for her rescue group. She decided to display the pups in a pen at her garage sale to see if they could be adopted. More importantly, Zaron wanted to educate the passersby on what puppy mill puppies looked like fresh out of the mill. She found homes for two of them. Zaron ended up keeping the third puppy because this puppy was so terrified of the world. Zaron named her McKenzie. Zaron knew she could end up with an owner lacking knowledge on how to properly deal with a fearful dog. McKenzie was an added incentive for Zaron to fight even harder for better conditions, more inspections, and more regulations on breeder dogs. Recounting Stefanie’s story about a foster “win” illustrates an all too common occurrence with puppy mill puppies. Late one night, three years ago, while laying in bed and scrolling through her messages from the Humane Society she volunteers for, Stefanie received notification of an emergency foster plea. There were female breeder dogs and Rottweiler puppies from a different mother, that were 9 weeks old. The puppy mill kept the Rottweiler puppies’ mother to breed again. Either she or the stud had structural issues that were passed down to at least one of the puppies, as you will discover in detail below. Reputable breeders would never rebreed a female or male with health, behavioral or structural issues. The Rottweiler puppies and breeder dogs had already been purchased to be sold to a particular pet store. However, when the broker arrived at the puppy mill, he/she did not want them because the puppies were too small to be successfully sold at a pet store. Therefore, time was of the essence, and the Humane Society needed to find fosters for these pups, or else their fate would be doomed. Stefanie and her husband fostered one of the Rottweiler puppies and unintentionally fell in love. They named him Mac. Right away, Stefanie noticed that Mac would whine whenever she would pick him up and support his rear end with her hand. She thought it was because his tail had been freshly docked. Little did she ever imagine that it was because he had a broken hip! Stefanie and her husband didn’t find this out until he started limping about a year later. Mac had already been diagnosed with bilateral elbow dysplasia. Surgery would have cost $11,000 to fix it with no guarantee of success. Additional x-rays revealed that Mac had a severely broken hip that had healed incorrectly. After consulting with one of the best orthopedic surgeons in the nation at The Ohio State University, it was determined that Mac did not appear to be in any pain from this horrific injury he sustained as a puppy. The total hip replacement surgery would have cost $8,000. Instead, the vet determined that Mac’s condition could be maintained with medication and lead a normal life, and that’s exactly what has happened. He currently lives happily with his 3 pack mates in Stefanie’s home. It’s one thing to know that the puppy or dog you are getting is from a puppy mill and you are willing to take on possible health and behavioral issues stemming from those conditions. It’s another thing when you are led to believe that your puppy came from a reputable breeder, but you were deceived. This is only discovered if you start researching why your dog has health or behavioral issues and the breeder is not forthcoming with the truth. These dogs still need loving homes even though they come from a business that you believe is not an ethical one. The more we support the puppy mill breeders, the longer they will stay in business. Abuse should never be tolerated. It should always be reported. What makes animal abuse unique is they don’t have a voice to report their abuse. We have to be their voice. More action is needed by the general public to put pressure on our legislators. No longer can we sit back and remain silent while our loving companions are being mistreated in so many ways. If you believe that your puppy came from a puppy mill and you were deceived, please write a letter to your legislator. You can also send Zaron and Stefanie an email at PPOHIOV2023@gmail.com which will be hand delivered and read to representatives in Columbus. Time is of the essence. Zaron and Stefanie will find out days before the committee hearings are scheduled for oral or written testimony on a current and pending legislation SB232. This piece of legislation, supported by S enator Casey Weinstein will involve stricter regulations ensuring the welfare of dogs in puppy mills. This will be explained in more detail in my next episode to be aired on January 20. Dogs deserve better and we are the only ones who can speak up for them. 1️⃣. “Ohio Laws Legislative Service Commission”, http://codes.ohio.gov 2️⃣. “Ohio Department of Agriculture”, http://agri.ohio.gov, “last updated January 2018. 3️⃣. “Ohio Department of Agriculture”, http://agri.ohio.gov, “last updated January 2018. 4️⃣. “Humane World for Animals”, http://humaneworld.org, “last modified 2025” Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! This post is public so feel free to share it. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Over the past 13 years, I have helped thousands of dogs and their pet parents learn how to communicate effectively so they can live in harmony together. Most clients just need to establish more structure, consistent boundaries and an exercise regimen for their dogs in order to lead a happy and fulfilled life. Others are presented with challenges by their canine companions, especially when fear or aggression are present. Dog training is not only about teaching obedience skills. It is also about making pet parents realize that what they are currently doing is not working. I help them solve the problem behaviors they are experiencing. Most clients are very receptive to this and some are not. I have only been told once to leave a client’s home. A young man’s girlfriend called me to help her golden doodle get along with her boyfriend’s Staffordshire Terrier. She said their first encounter did not go well. The man greeted me outside with his dog. At least he had the dog on a leash, but the dog was lunging and barking to get at me. The girlfriend stayed about 25’ away with her quiet and probably terrified doodle. The man was offended that I didn’t want to greet his dog. I told him repeatedly over the barking that I never say hello to dogs that are vocalizing, especially in an aggressive tone. I tried to coach him to put the dog in a sit by his side, but he refused for his own reasons. He was struggling to control his dog. I suggested we move to the back yard to see if a change of scenery would help. We did, but the dog never calmed down. The man even told me that his dog is very friendly and this was the worst he had acted out with a stranger. That’s when he said I could go home. I quietly slipped away and was glad when I got inside my car! You can only learn if you are open to it. It can be very difficult for people to admit they are part of their dog’s behavior problem. A lot of times, they don’t even know they are reinforcing bad behavior by giving the dog affection at the wrong time. Most clients end up telling me that they have to change even before I come right out and tell them. That’s when I know that I have gotten through to them. I had to learn how to communicate this to my clients so as not to come across too offensively. My training emphasized to keep everything positive with the dog and the client, but did not outline what to say to the clients when they disagreed with my philosophy and solutions. Customer service is crucial in dog training. You are being hired to fix issues and you better tend to their wishes in a professional manner. If you are the type of person who prefers dealing with dogs and not people, then this job is not for you. Dogs are the easy part, humans can be the difficult part. That being said, I have met some incredible people over the years whose friendships I treasure. They started out as clients, and turned into wonderful friendships. I am still a part of these friends’ lives, even after the dog we trained together has passed on. As a dog trainer, you bond with people in a unique way. When a pet parent brings a puppy home, they treasure this puppy because it IS a part of the family. I don’t think I have ever come across anyone who feels any differently. I am requested to help transition this precious puppy from where it came to their new home. That’s a pretty tall order! During this transition and multiple visits or classes, life happens. I have had several clients whose partner was the primary caretaker of the dog. Then, they either passed away or divorce split up the pack. One client’s son had adopted a dog from a shelter during the COVID shutdown. We conducted our trainings outdoors to stay safe. Then, he was struck with COVID and passed away due to complications with diabetes. His mother wanted desperately to keep the dog, but she knew she could not be there for it due to her demanding work schedule. Happily, she found a great home for the dog and the new pet parent has been very happy with the adoption. Sometimes, I become like a family therapist. The new addition can wreak havoc on relationships, especially when not everyone agreed to get the puppy in the first place. Let’s face it. Puppies are a lot of work. Rescue dogs can present challenges that could not be foreseen in the shelter. There can be disagreements between family members as to how to solve problem behaviors. This is when it is crucial for me to find the right words to explain why certain solutions work and others do not. I absolutely love what I do. I got into dog training all because of my former dog, Hank, the Corgi. Even with my experience and the standards I have today, Hank was a difficult dog. I had to figure him out and I wasn’t going to be satisfied until I had answers to why he acted the way he did. Little did I know that in learning how to figure him out, I would become a dog trainer. I thought at the time I was just really interested in dog behavior. I never intended to make a career out of it. After I made the decision to pursue a job as a dog trainer, I applied to Pet Smart and Petco. Pet Smart wasn’t looking for a trainer, but Petco was. It took me almost 7 months to get hired at Petco. I pursued management on a weekly basis to see if they had made a decision. Sometimes I would drive to the store to talk to the managers. Every time I would drive there, I would get emotional. I couldn’t explain it. The tears were happy tears even in spite of the obstacles I came up against. I felt so driven this was the job I should be doing and the tears confirmed that feeling. I still feel today that the universe was shouting to me not to give up on Petco because I needed to be a dog trainer. After 7 months of persevering, I was finally in the right place at the right time. I started studying the Petco curriculum on dog behavior and how to train dogs. The curriculum was written by a well known dog behaviorist named Patricia McConnell. I read all the books I could get my hands on. However, in my opinion, there was something monumental that was missing from what I was learning from a book. It’s what Cesar Millan, the star of “The Dog Whisperer” is all about - energy. While I was learning the Petco way of training, I was also watching Cesar Millan’s, “The Dog Whisperer” episodes on tv in my spare time. Studying dog behavior became a passion of mine. In every “Dog Whisperer” episode, Cesar repeated the fact that the dog is a mirror of their human’s energy, philosophy, and actions. He proved this concept with every client while handling their dog versus when the client handled the dog. It was not magic or trick photography. It really was all about the handler’s energy that influenced the dog’s behavior. The magic is mastering that type of energy. This resonated with me in some way. I understood the concept, but could not see how it applied to me. I was on a mission to figure this all out. This ‘magical’ type of energy involves mastering remaining calm but at the same time, being assertive. I typically am a calm person, but I wasn’t when I was communicating with Hank. It seemed like I was always frustrated and mad at him because he wouldn’t obey me. I thought that was somehow being assertive. I thought refraining from exploding and yelling at him was somehow remaining calm. Honestly, I didn’t know how to be any different. Hank was unpredictable and sometimes aggressive. Anyone who knows me would probably say that I am the exact opposite of that. However, when I dealt with Hank, I was usually agitated and frustrated because he would often ignore me. Cesar was right. I was the one who had to change and then Hank would follow suit. Dogs do not want to follow unstable energy. It’s so true! As soon as I started to change, Hank changed too. Cesar believes, and so do I, that every human in the household should be a calm and assertive leader. This is the kind of energy most dogs want to follow. I knew I had the calm part down but was fuzzy about what assertive energy looked like. Reading and watching Cesar on tv dealing with dogs using calm and assertive energy was not easy to imitate. It had to come from within and it had to be genuine. Dogs know when you are faking it and they will not respect you. I knew the exact moment that I had achieved calm and assertive energy. When I worked at Petco, I used to have a puppy play time. I had to teach puppies how to play nicely and to respect cautious puppies who needed some extra space. One puppy was picking on another and a third puppy was trying to intervene. The third puppy that was intervening was a sign to me that the energy in the pack of puppies was elevating. Dogs have an inherent desire to keep the pack in a calm state. So, as soon as I noticed this, I stood in front of the puppy that was bullying the other and said with my body language and energy only, no words, “Hey, leave that puppy alone!” The guilty puppy slowly laid down and surrendered to me. I felt like jumping for joy because I knew at that moment what calm and assertive energy felt like. I remembered exactly how I felt in that moment. I tell people that you say in your head “I must get this accomplished and I’m not giving up”. I use and teach this technique and energy on every appointment. See the end result in your head and get it done. I can relate to my clients when they are honest with me in describing how they are with their dogs. I was just like them. I explain to them that the calm part means barely talking to your dog. Instead, communicate using your body language and your energy. If you keep repeating “No!”, you are usually saying this in a frustrated and agitated manner. This typically makes the dog excited because your energy is excited in a negative way. On the contrary, if you keep telling your dog, “Sit!, Sit! Sit!”, your dog will start wagging his tail and jumping. You are coming at them in an excited tone that starts out happy and friendly, but ends up frustrated and angry because they aren’t sitting for you. In order to be an effective dog trainer yielding results, it is imperative to counsel people how their body language affects their dog. Dogs notice when you are hunched over and telling the dog to lay down versus standing up straight and commanding the dog down. Being hunched over is seen as a more submissive stature. People tend to have softer energy when they are bent over. Standing up straight commands respect. Walking your dog and constantly looking down at them is seen as uncertain energy. Walking with your shoulders back, head up, projects the kind of confident energy dogs want to follow. I challenge all of you to do this and notice the difference you feel, and then notice your dog’s reaction. Personally, I am coaching the humans on improving their energy as well as teaching them what their dog is telling them with their body language. Every movement they make, every time they get up and move to another spot on their own, means something. I feel the more people understand dog behavior and dog psychology, the more they are more apt to be patient with their dog. Too many people explain their dog’s behavior by using human logic and reasoning. This is called anthropomorphic projection. A classic case of this involved a client I had many years ago who had two huskies. Yes, Huskies. She thought it was too cold for them to go potty outside, so she wanted her husband to build a type of irrigation system in their basement for the dogs to go to the bathroom. In a later conversation with her, she admitted that she hated the winter and putting on heavy coats, gloves and boots. I realized too that her husband was hoping I would “shake her and tell her she was nuts!” I did tell her that she was the first to ever come up with this design and that Huskies love cold weather. I kept it positive! As I mentioned in an earlier episode, Petco policy would not allow me to go to people’s homes. It wasn’t until I went out on my own that I got a lot of on-the- job training as far as what I would be confronted with. Most of the time, my house visits went smoothly. Other times, it wasn’t so easy. The problem described to me over the phone was not what I observed when I got there. One client called me to help tame their unruly puppy. I thought this was a typical situation where the client forgot or didn’t know how active puppies were and they needed help setting up boundaries. I find out a lot about a dog when I take them for a structured walk. The majority of cases, it takes me a little while to establish a rhythm walking in a heel position. Then I hand the dog over for the client to practice. In one case, I had to give up trying to walk the dog. This had only happened to me once before. That dog had a traumatic experience with a collar that the client forgot to tell me about. It was an easy fix when I used the Easy Walk Harness. The dog walked perfectly for me. However, nothing worked with this other puppy. She was a bucking bronco. When I went to tell the clients that I had to give up trying to walk her, the one client admitted to hitting the dog with a stick to get her to behave. I was so shocked. I was speechless. I did tell them I never condone that type of discipline. I should have ended the session right then and there, but I was still stunned. I waited until the next appointment when the dog peed all over the kitchen floor after the client grabbed the dog’s collar to gently put her in her crate. She had just gone out to eliminate, so I knew this was not a good sign. Most likely, the puppy had been grabbed by the collar with very negative energy too many times. When dogs are scared, they may empty their bladder and/or bowels. It made me realize that I may have dealt with other clients who hit their dogs as a way of discipline. I didn’t know the signs to look for in a dog when they are hit until fairly recently. Everything that I have outlined above about my personal journey is what I teach my clients. Some get it, some don’t. The ones who do, go on to deepen their relationship with their dogs. It can actually become a spiritual experience. When you realize that your dog needs you to be a calm and assertive leader, you change and own that energy. Then your dog becomes happier. This in turn makes you happier and fulfilled knowing that you have helped your dog become more balanced. You start gaining the respect you always wanted from them just by changing your energy and adding structure to your dog’s every day life. When I see this happen with my clients, it is so rewarding. It is what keeps me going. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Dog groomers are an integral part in maintaining optimal health for your dog. They are not just limited to bathing and trimming a dog’s coat. They are also checking for ear infections, trimming nails, and noticing lumps and any other superficial health issues. It is important to find a groomer who will point out possible concerns they may have about the appearance and behavior of your dog. They may suggest a follow up visit with your veterinarian. Finding a groomer you can trust and keeping the recommended frequency of grooming appointments are two key ways to help your dog get acclimated to the salon and the entire experience, which can be somewhat stressful. The more often your dog goes to the groomer, the more they will become familiar with them and the surroundings. Communication between the groomer and pet parent must be open and honest. All pet parents want to know how their dog behaved at the salon and if there are any concerns they need to know about. Sharyn Ugan is a retired dog and cat groomer from Petco. She still grooms dogs for friends and family on her own. In this episode,Sharyn shares with me all of the tools she uses. When she worked at the Petco grooming salon, the company provided a lot of the equipment. However, if she needed or preferred certain tools, she would purchase them herself. Typically, a lot of the equipment is purchased by the groomer. Sharyn likes to have backups for every tool. In the pictures below, you will discover which scissors, clippers, and products she prefers. Over the years, she has built up an extensive array of grooming tools for her “toolbox”. Brushes Sharyn predominantly uses three different types of brushes. Depending on the job, there are metal slicker brushes, a rake, a fine toothed flea comb, and a FURminator. Brushes are integral in maintaining a healthy coat by preventing and detangling mats. They also help distribute natural oils throughout the body to prevent hair follicles from clogging. Daily brushing keeps matting in check. It also removes loose fur and dirt which helps reduce shedding. * Slicker brushes Sharyn likes to use metal slicker brushes with a blue plastic handle. The teeth are made of metal and come in different lengths and textures. The wider brush with shorter teeth are used on shih tzus and smaller dogs. The brush with longer bristles are used more on longer coats like poodles, doodles and German Shepherds. The slicker brush pictured below has an ‘S’ on the back which means that the bristles are soft. They come in soft, medium and hard. Sharyn uses this type of brush on 95% of the dogs she grooms because they are very durable and get the job done. * The Rake The Rake is a type of brush to manage matting. They are recommended particularly on dogs with an undercoat. I use a rake on my dog, Ebi, every day. She has feathers, long, wispy fur, by her rear end and behind her legs. I use a slicker brush for her body. One month, I tried using a slicker brush on her whole body and thought I was doing a good job. However, when it was time for Ebi’s grooming appointment with Sharyn, she found the most mats ever. The slicker brush didn’t cut through the feathers. Sharyn calls feathers, pantaloons. Rakes can be found in the detangling brush section on the internet. Many companies make them. Just make sure you get a sturdy handle and appropriate size for your dog. * Flea comb Sharyn uses a flea comb that also has a small comb on the other side. She likes to use this on small dog’s faces, ears, and paws. Sometimes little knots form on the fur on and around the ears. Breeds like Westies and terriers have beards that need to be brushed out. The small comb is perfect for that purpose. I have seen her use it on my dog’s fur that grows in between her toes. She may even find fleas since these are the areas where fleas tend to reside. FURminator FURminators were invented in the early 2000s as a deshedding tool. The purpose was to develop a safe and efficient way to remove loose undercoat fur without damaging the top coat. However, Sharyn says that you have to be careful because of this. They can take a bulk of the fur out, but you can possibly strip away too much of the topcoat. She liked to use them when they first came out, but now she doesn’t care for them. Shampoo Shampooing a dog is the first step in the grooming process. There are many different shampoos to choose from. Sharyn likes Johnson&Johnson Baby Shampoo. It is tearless and mild. There are other shampoos available for different skin issues. For example, there is a shampoo with oatmeal in it that soothes irritated skin. No matter what shampoo she uses, she always dilutes it. She finds that rinsing the shampoo out is a lot easier. A little bit of shampoo produces a lot of suds to really scrub into the fur. An added benefit is if the dog should have allergies to the shampoo, it will be less concentrated, producing a milder reaction to it. I personally prefer all natural products for my dog. I showcase a shampoo made by a company called Doggy Style. It is a shampoo and conditioner in one and only requires a little bit. I love the way it smells and how my dog’s fur feels when it’s all dried. For more information, check out: Doggy Style Dog Care . This is a local Cleveland company that sells varied products for grooming your dog. I love the bath scrubber for short haired dogs too! Nail trims Even if you don’t take your dog to a groomer, you still need to trim the nails or get someone to do it for you. The anatomy of a dog’s foot is similar from breed to breed, but the shape and length of the nails can be different. For example, I used to walk my Corgi so much that the concrete would naturally file down his nails. In fact, sometimes the nails would be worn down so low to the quick, they would start bleeding (Please see below the definition of the quick) I walk my Leonberger just as much, but her nails stick straight out and don’t touch the sidewalk unless they start getting too long. When I can hear clicking on the pavement, that’s when I know it’s time for a nail trim. If dog’s nails get too long, the dog will compensate by walking differently. This will put undue strain on the joints. The nails can also get caught on rugs and become injured, causing even more pain and a visit to the vet. Overgrown nails can be painful if walking on pavement. It alters their natural gait and will cause the dog to shift their weight to avoid the pain. When nails are left long on a consistent basis, the quick will grow out with the nail, which makes it difficult to trim them without bleeding. If neglected for a long period of time, the nails can curl under and grow into the paw pad. Ouch! The quick The quick is located on the inner part of a dog’s nail. It will appear as a small pink dot on the inside of a dog’s nail or as a small dark circle on the nail’s tip on the inside of a black nail. It contains blood vessels, so if it is nicked with clippers, it will start to bleed. Before beginning to trim your own dog’s nails, make sure you have some styptic powder to dunk the nail in. The bleeding should stop immediately. * Small Nail Clippers These clippers are shown on the far right of the picture below. Small nail clippers are great for cat nails and small animals like ferrets and guinea pigs. They are used for very small dogs like Bugsy, who is laying on his bed in the video of this podcast. Although, Bugsy likes his nails done with a Dremel. 5. The Dremel Some animals prefer the Dremel over clipping, as mentioned above. Some dogs are afraid of the sound of it as it grinds away the nail. There are some models that are quieter than others. In general, the Dremel is safer since it reduces the chance of nicking the quick. It leaves a smoother finish and is great for thick nails. I have seen Sharyn cut Ebi’s nails with a clipper and then Dremel them to smooth out rough edges. Big Nail Clippers * Large Nail Clippers For larger dogs like Ebi, Sharyn uses a larger, sturdier clipper. Ebi’s nails are thick and more suitable for a Dremel. However, Ebi never has liked the sound of it. The sound and the feel of the Dremel can be off-putting for a dog. On breeds whose nails are long and curved under, clipping away bit by bit is the only way to get the job done. If using a Dremel on these types of nails, the Dremel will come too close to the toe pad, causing possible injuries. The guillotine Sharyn knows how to use the guillotine for nails but does not like them. She finds that they crush and splinter the nail too much. The nail can get stuck upon releasing the grip. Dew claws Some dog breeds have dew claws which need to be trimmed by a clipper. These are long curved nails located on the side of each front paw, by the ankle. Since they are located so close to the leg, it is awkward to Dremel on the side of the nail closest to the leg. Therefore, it is easier to clip them. Sometimes dew claws are removed at birth so that they don’t present problems down the road. They can get caught on things and ripped off. Some breeds have front and back dew claws. Leonbergers, Great Pyrenees and some Sheepdogs have both. Typically, the dogs that were bred to climb mountains to protect their livestock, will have both front and back dew claws. They help grip the rough terrain as they climb. I have seen Ebi’s back dew claws do this. Scissors Sharyn uses three types of scissors for trimming fur. It is difficult to distinguish the size of the scissors and if the blades are straight or curved in the picture below. Just as a hair stylist has their favorite sheers, so do groomers. * Thinning shears Sharyn uses thinning shears to thin out bulky sections of a dog’s coat. These shears are pictured below on the far left. She will also use them on poofy ears first and then finish the cut with the curved shears. * Blunt end scissors When trimming around the eyes, Sharyn will use the scissors with the blunt ends. These scissors are also curved. They are used to trim the bottom of the pads. If there is a lot of thick, fur there, Sharyn will use her 8” curved shears. * 8” curved shears Most dogs do not like electric clippers around the face. Depending on the size and area that need to be trimmed, Sharyn will use these curved shears. It makes shaping a poodle’s head easier and more uniform. She also uses them to trim around their heads, legs, and feet. The pair on the far right are the same, only smaller. * Clippers Sharyn’s favorite clippers are made by Andis. They are professional grade and well known for their powerful motors, durability, and reliability. They also are quieter than most brands, making it the preferred choice amongst groomers. Many dogs get anxious when they hear the sound of the clippers. The quieter, the better for the dog. They definitely are an investment since the average cost is $500. They can be pricey, but they are built to last a long time. There are also cordless models which aids in navigating around the dog easier. Sharyn has many different lengths of combs that attach to the end of the clipper. The length of the fur determines the length of the comb. She has many backup blades and combs she swaps out while in the process of shaving a dog. This prevents razor burn. Razor burn According to Sharyn, razor burn happens when you are not paying attention to the heat of the blade. The common size of blade when shaving down a dog is a #10 blade. Sharyn keeps about 25 extra size 10 blades. As soon as the blade gets warm, she will swap it out with a spare, cool one. She may have to do this many times while shaving one dog. Razor burn can also occur when the angle of the clipper is incorrectly placed. Instead of being flush with the body of the dog, the blade digs into the skin. A lot of razor burns happen around the rear end, genital area, armpits and the inside part of legs. Razor burn can be very uncomfortable for dogs. I have experienced dogs in my obedience classes over the years who don’t want to sit because their rear end is almost raw. I have even seen confident dogs act very fearful due to their razor burn. The good news is that as soon as the fur grows back in, the dog’s behavior returns to normal. Sharyn believes that it is possible to prevent razor burn by being attentive and choosing the right sized blade. However, injuries do occur. Dogs do not stay absolutely still during the grooming process, which increases the potential of injuries. Sometimes the skin under the neck gets nicked or the excess skin under armpits gets caught in the blade. Sharyn emphasizes to be open and honest with the client should anything happen. The worst thing a client can experience with a groomer is that they are not told anything out of the ordinary happened during the grooming session when they pick up their dog. Then, when they get home, they notice razor burn or a cut in the dog’s skin. Always report any kind of injury back to the management of the salon. Sharyn has several products she likes to have on hand whenever she grooms a dog or cat. A lot of these items are sold in pet stores and are easy to find. * Stop Quick Stop Quick is a yellow styptic powder which will immediately stop the bleeding in the event the quick or skin tag is nicked. Placing or spreading the affected area with some styptic powder is all that needs to be done. Depending on where the cut is, it is always useful to have cotton rounds and self sticking vet wrap. The cotton can be placed over the wound and wrapped with the bandage. * Ear powder Some dogs have a lot of fur on the inside of their ear. This fur can cause ear wax to accumulate and possibly lead to an ear infection. Frequent ear cleaning is essential to avoid infections. Some groomers pluck this fur on the inside of the ear. However, doing so, can cause an infection. There are advantages and disadvantages to this process. Sharyn does this process a lot less frequently now than she used to because of the negative side effects. Sometimes, plucking the ear fur is necessary because of the presence of an ear infection. The fur needs to be removed in order to thoroughly clean the ear. I have seen dogs get this done, and they are not bothered by it. The ear powder prevents the fur slipping through your fingers and aides in gripping the fur so it can be pulled. Ear Hematomas When dogs have an ear infection, one obvious sign is they shake their head to relieve the pressure they feel from the infection. When dogs with long, droopy ears shake their heads, blood vessels break in the ears. Hematomas can form at the bottom of the ear. The blood gets hard and the ear will feel crusty at the tips. It is best to get veterinary advice as to how to manage the hematoma. Options are surgery or just waiting until the blood gets reabsorbed back into the body. * Spritzer Sharyn likes to use Espree High Sheen spritzer on short hair dogs, like beagles and pugs. It makes their coat nice and shiny and soft. * The Stuff This product is a conditioner for the coat. It is a concentrated formula so it requires adding water before usage. Sharyn loves this product because it wicks the water off quicker, dries the fur quicker, and really makes the fur feel softer. Plus, it smells great! 15. The Hood The hood is a circular thick band that fits around the head of a dog and covers their ears. It comes in small or large sizes. Some dogs do not like the sound of the dryer. The hood muffles not only the sound of the dryer but also all the other sounds in the salon. The Hood also wicks away the water. This helps with the ear not becoming saturated and left damp for a long period of time. It is never advisable to blow the dryer directly in the ear, even if it is just warm or cool air. You can cup your hand around the ear so that water and the air from the dryer do not get into the ear. Headlamp When working on black dogs, regular salon lighting is usually bright enough to pick up certain hidden areas on dogs. When Sharyn grooms her friends and family’s dogs, a headlamp helps see the definition of the body. Another advantage to using a headlamp is it helps aging eyes see better! Mobile groomer An option to taking your dog to a salon is to find a reputable mobile groomer. Some advantages to using a mobile groomer: * the dog is groomed inside their van parked in your driveway * avoid potentially stressful car ride * less stress on older dogs with mobility issues * individual attention with the groomer * no ambient noises from barking dogs and dryers * overall more pleasant experience for fearful/excited dogs I will have a podcast with a mobile groomer in the near future so that I can share more information about them. I do believe there is a size restriction. I will do more research so that I can recommend some to you. Once you find the groomer you like, I highly recommend staying with them. It may not be your dog’s favorite way to spend a couple of hours, but you want to make it as pleasant as possible for them. It is important to find that groomer who will be honest and up front with you. Injuries can happen. Whether big or small, they should always be reported to you. Please leave a comment below about your grooming experiences - good or bad. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Depending on your dog’s breed, you may be well acquainted with your favorite grooming salon. You might even have a preferred groomer who knows your dog and have established a trusting, reliable relationship with them. My guest, Sharyn Ugan, retired from Petco after 14 years of grooming cats and dogs. I met Sharyn over 10 years ago while working at Petco and also got to know some of the other groomers in the store. My dog training arena was right next to the salon. I would watch in awe how they would work tirelessly on various breeds. I was frequently amazed at the transformation from how the dog looked upon entering the salon and then leaving as a work of art with their pet parents. Dog grooming isn’t only about brushing and cutting a dog’s coat. Most professional groomers check the ears, eyes, the mouth, and even the rear end! Grooming is also about the dog’s health and well being. Sometimes groomers find lumps and bumps that go unnoticed by their owners. They may be located in areas that the owner doesn’t pet on a daily basis. If the fur is overgrown, skin infections cannot be seen. The owner may think their dog is just itching a lot, and doesn’t realize there is a skin infection developing. Regular appointments with professional groomers and veterinarians keep the dog’s health in check. Over the years, Sharyn has found numerous health issues while grooming. Before Sharyn became a full time groomer, she was a vet tech. She saw and treated a variety of health conditions that came into the vet office. This helped her recognize the signs of common ailments when she became a groomer, like ear infections, broken nails, and growths in hidden places. She even identified a swollen scrotum on a non-neutered male dog who ended up having testicular cancer! The owners had the dog neutered right away which extended his senior life by another 3 years. Sharyn became interested in grooming when her best friend bought a kennel that came with a grooming salon. Sharyn learned from the woman who was the groomer in that salon and came to really enjoy it. Sharyn learned a lot from her but she really taught herself. Back then, groomers didn’t need to be certified. She used a workbook for groomers as a guide which showed pictures and described details of the standard cuts for all the different breeds. “ It’s just a matter of the more you do it, the easier it gets. You learn by trial and error”. Sharyn Ugan For 24 years. Sharyn worked two jobs: a groomer and a vet tech, until she decided to just stick to grooming. She loved it and actually made more money than being a vet tech. Grooming is a lucrative business for the salon and the individual groomers. The popularity of all the doodles out there will keep them in business for a long time! As Sharyn experienced, an unexpected benefit of the job was that she developed relationships with a lot of her repeat clients. It was these relationships that added a little something special to just being a groomer. I remember Sharyn showing me the gifts she would get at Christmas time. Her human clients loved her and her dog clients loved her even more! When Sharyn worked at Petco, there were strict protocols in place. For example, it was required that puppies and dogs be up to date on all vaccines. Typically, puppies don’t get their rabies shot until at least 6 months old. It is essential to get them used to the salon as soon as they are fully vaccinated, so they don’t develop fear issues later. Sharyn’s advice to pet parents who rescue adult dogs is to take them to the salon about 3 to 4 weeks after they become accustomed to their new home. It is possible the rescue dog already had a bad experience with a groomer/grooming salon. Therefore, you don’t want to stress the dog out too much right after bringing them home. Petco also changed their policy on using muzzles on dogs that showed signs of aggression. Groomers used to be able to muzzle these types of dogs who were getting something as basic as a nail trim. However, the company changed their policy on muzzles. They were no longer allowed. Instead, groomers were directed to start referring aggressive cases to their local veterinarian to avoid their employees getting bit. Vet offices will muzzle dogs and even sedate them if necessary. When seeking out a grooming salon or individual groomer, it is worthwhile to find out what their policies are with dogs who have a hard time being manipulated. Get a tour of the salon so you can see where dogs are placed while they are being bathed, dried, and waiting to be picked up. Go at a busy time so you can hear the noise that your dog will hear. If your dog has fear issues, you may not want to expose your dog to such a hectic environment. Always have your dog’s best interest in mind. At Petco and other corporate pet stores, there is usually a training program that involves being mentored by another groomer. When groomers first begin their apprenticeship, they get to know the dog by handling them on leash and leading them to the bathing area, shampooing and drying them, and learning how to get the dog up on the table to be worked on. Many dogs are fearful of the entire experience, so it is important to learn how to handle and manage a dog in this state of mind. It requires a lot of patience with calm and assertive energy. Sharyn mentored plenty of apprentices who weren’t cut out for the job. They discovered they were more fearful of dogs than they thought they were. It can be a very stressful environment when dogs are barking while grooming a fearful dog, and being afraid of getting bit. Groomers should know they will get nipped and sometimes bit. It comes with the job! Part of being a groomer is building a relationship not just with the dog but also with the client. When the client drops their dog off, Petco had a list of questions to ask them which included if there were any changes in the dog’s health. Groomers were instructed to have the dog walk into the salon instead of being carried. This way they could confirm that the dog didn’t have mobility issues. Sharyn would always do a quick check up before the client left for fleas, sore spots, and anything that might affect her grooming. Sharyn found the best approach with clients was to be honest and upfront. If she found fleas or ticks, she would put them in a baggie to show the client, in case they were in disbelief. If she found any health issues, she would bring it to the client’s attention. If the dog was having an “off” day, or the dog was so stressed out from the noises in the salon, she would call the client to have the dog picked up as soon as possible. One time, Sharyn was only able to groom half of the dog because it was so stressed out. She had the client bring the dog back after a week to finish the rest. Sometimes, the dog wouldn’t exhibit any aggression or fear until they were put up on the grooming table. If the dog was wiggling and thrashing about so much that it impeded working on the dog, the client would be contacted to pick up their dog. It was a matter of the dog and the groomer possibly getting hurt. Whatever needed to be done that was best for the well being of the dog, Sharyn would act accordingly. She was always her client’s best advocate. Sharyn not only groomed dogs, but also cats. It had to be a special cat to tolerate a noisy salon and be surrounded by dogs. Some cat clients would shave their long haired cats because it was easier to maintain a short coat and it would also keep hairballs in check. One thing to keep in mind when shaving a cat or a dog is that it can damage the follicles, making it difficult for the coat to grow back in. The fur will grow back in different places and not in others. Sometimes, it doesn’t grow back at all. Sharyn had a longhaired Scottish Fold named Marshall who she would use as a teaching tool for apprentices to learn how to shave and work with cats. Marshall lived a nice long life and died at the age of 22! Almost unheard of for a cat!! One common issue that groomers deal with is when the fur gets tangled and forms knots, called matting. This is a painful condition especially when the mats are close to the skin. It actually starts pulling on the skin. Sometimes mats can be brushed out, but more often than not, they have to be cut or shaved out with clippers. Breeds like Poodles, Doodles with tight curls, and Shih Tzus, are more apt to get mats. Daily brushing can keep long coats in check to avoid matting. In reality, any breed of dog can get mats. They can be formed by: * lack of regular brushing * not using the correct type of brush * loose fur that hasn’t been blown out periodically (like Samoyeds and Huskies) * moisture and dirt * friction due to harnesses, sweaters and even petting behind the ears * areas that are frequently overlooked when brushing (under carriage, private parts) * excessive itching due to skin infections or parasites Sharyn says a misconception about matting with most people is that if they give the dog a bath first, then it will be easier to brush out the mats. The moisture actually makes it worse. What should happen instead is that the dog gets blown out with a high powered dryer and then brushed. Then, mats that can be cut or teased out with scissors are worked on first. The mats that are located in hard to reach spots or close to the skin get shaved off with clippers. If the dog is covered with mats, the whole body will be shaved. In rare cases, mats are so severe that amputation is the only option, I have seen this happen when people have rescued a dog that has been neglected for a long time. Clippers are a gentler way of tackling mats than trying to tease them out with a comb. Dogs may have an aversion to the noise of the clippers but they do not hurt the dog. There is such a thing as razor burn that comes from not changing out the metal detachable clipper often enough. Sharyn and I talk more in depth about razor burn and clippers in our next episode. Bugsy, who is pictured below and laying on the bed on the table in the studio with us, loves to burrow in a covered bed and blanket. His fur is so fine that little knots form at the end of the strands of fur. Bugsy also does not like being groomed at home by Sharyn. He was so used to being groomed in the salon that Sharyn still takes him in to be groomed at Petco by the same groomer who knows him. Lastly, the most frequent question I get from my clients about grooming is how often to bathe your dog. According to Sharyn, dogs should be bathed no more than once a month. Otherwise, the natural oils in the dog’s skin get stripped away and skin issues can form. Spot cleaning is better when it’s not time yet to bathe your dog. Daily brushing also brings out the oil from the skin and onto the fur, making it shiny. I highly recommend the self wash at Pet Supplies Plus. The one pictured below is located on Lorain Rd. in Fairview Park. It is a state-of-the-art facility where the shampoo, conditioner and dryer are regulated by a touch dial system. They provide towels and aprons so you don’t get soaked in the process. They even provide treats too! For more information, visit Pet SuppliesPlus . Whether you groom your dog yourself or you take them to a professional, dogs require baths, nail trims, ear and teeth cleanings. Between your vet and groomer, regular visits will avoid the possibility of the pet parent overlooking any one of these issues and potentially harming the health of your dog. Besides, seeing the finished product makes the dog feel good, and you too! Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

There are so many fun activities to do with your dog that speak to the instincts of specific breeds, such as agility for Jack Russell Terriers, hunting for Beagles, and herding for Border Collies. However, there is a whole other venue that is all about the preservation of over 200 purebreds recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC). That is the world of the show dogs. Breeders dedicate their lives to ensure their dogs are born healthy and structurally sound according to the standards set by the AKC. Judges at dog shows are an integral part of preserving the legacy of purebreds by choosing which dogs (males) and b*****s(females) meet these standards. My guest, Dr. Jennifer Smith, has been involved with competitive dog performance sports for decades. That was her comfort zone. However, she was always interested in the show arena, but never gave it a try until about 5 years ago. Watching the handlers and dogs on the Westminster Dog Show every year looked easy. Little did Jennifer know that there was a lot more than just prancing around the ring with your best buddy. As with everything that Jennifer decides to take on, she went all in! At this point in her life, poodles are her favorite breed. Please refer to our previous episode entitled “Oodles and Oodles of Poodles” where Jennifer elaborates on the temperament, intelligence, and instincts of this magnificent breed. Jennifer studied for years how to groom poodles to standard. Her goal was to learn how to groom her own poodle, Scarlet, so she would become show quality. She would go to shows and just observe what the pros did. Poodles have a continuous coat which keeps on growing. Jennifer used this to her advantage while learning because the coat happens to be very forgiving. If you make a mistake, you can cut it out, and it will grow back fairly quickly. If hunters never trimmed poodles’ fur, it would weigh them down in the water so much that they could drown! Styling the poodle has changed a bit over the years, but the shape of the cuts around the body serve the same function. The “rosettes” (the two round mounds of fur on their back) were trimmed to keep the poodle’s hips warm. The poof balls on the ankles are intended to keep them from getting too cold. The “jacket” around the body keeps their internal organs warm. The function of the poof ball on the tip of the tail is to make the dog visible while swimming to retrieve fowl from the water. Jennifer also had to go through a series of conformation classes. Conformation classes teach handlers how to present their dogs in the show ring. They teach handlers how to position their dogs in a standing position called stacking. They also teach them how to move around the ring to highlight the dog’s gait. Lastly, they learn proper etiquette when communicating with the judges and how to prepare for the judge’s exam. Jennifer also spent countless hours watching and practicing handling dogs. Part of Jennifer’s dream was to not only have a show worthy poodle, but also to handle her poodles in the ring. Jennifer succeeded because Scarlet now has her Championship and is a finished dog. She performed beautifully, but she really wasn’t thrilled about being in the show ring. Therefore, Jennifer didn’t pursue getting Scarlet her “specials”, which is the highest level of competition in a dog show. The anatomical structure of the poodle is unique. Poodles are squarely built, which means their length is equal to their height. They also have a specific angulation to their structure which allows for a very elegant and effortless prancing gait. It looks like they are floating. There really is no other breed that compares to it. Every feature about them evolved that way to facilitate retrieving fowl in the water swiftly and powerfully. This becomes integral to assessing the poodle in the show ring. **“ Not all family dogs are show dog quality, but all show dogs are family dogs”. - Jennifer Smith When interested in getting involved in the dog show arena, one of the first places to start is searching for reputable breeders who have experience showing that breed. Jennifer recommends for people to go to dog shows and actually talk to any of the breeders of the type of dog you are interested in. They have a lot of pride in what they do. They will give you unique insight into the breed that online research cannot. The most responsible breeders will divulge information about how they breed out certain health issues. Good breeders are all about sharing information about the breed they love and live with. They want others to love their dogs as much as they do. These are the owners who will make sure their dogs will live on for generations to come. Just as with any profession, there is plenty of fraud, so make sure you do your homework. After selecting a favorite breed, do extensive research on the breed. Make sure this is a breed that is suitable for your lifestyle. Border Collies are a lot of fun and they are highly intelligent, but that comes at a cost. You better be prepared to provide an active lifestyle for them and challenge them intellectually or else behavioral issues can arise. Jennifer talks about the pages and pages of standards set by the AKC for every recognized breed in the United States. When you show your dog, the judges are looking for the one that best conforms to those standards. “Dogs aren’t competing with each other. They are competing against the standards.” - Jennifer Smith Jennifer reads and then rereads the pages of standards for the poodle breed. Each time she reads them, something jumps out at her that she didn’t notice the last time she read them. The more experience you have, the more you understand on a deeper level what the standard means. Jennifer has 4 poodles as pets. She has studied their behavior, learned how to properly groom them, and how to handle them in the arena for several years now. Showing a poodle is different than showing a dachshund, like her husband Tom does. They are a different breed with a different temperament and require a skillset unique to each one. It is imperative to know the breed you are handling in the show arena inside and out. One important aspect of owning and showing dogs is they have to remain intact. This means that dogs cannot be neutered and b*****s cannot be spayed. This presents a challenge for Jennifer and her husband Tom twice a year when the b*****s go in to heat. She says that the intact males will claw through anything to get to the female! The instinct to reproduce is that strong. They get triggered by the smell of the urine. The entire heat cycle can last for a couple of months. However, when the b*****s are ready to mate, the males can no longer just be separated by fences in the backyard. They have to go live with other show dog friends until the b***h’s hormones subside. Jennifer’s latest addition to her poodle pack is Chapel, shown below. Chapel finished her championship on September 13 and won again to earn points towards her grand championship. Jennifer decided to have Chapel live with and be handled by a professional handler. She likes to play with her dogs and let them be dogs in her vast backyard, which isn’t conducive to maintaining the type of coat required for the show ring. When dogs play, they like to take bites at each other’s tails. It’s cute and fun to watch but it is too challenging to keep them from doing this. It prolongs the growing out process needed to properly groom them for show quality. Therefore, Chapel’s handler makes sure her coat pristine. As Jennifer explains in our podcast together, showing your dog starts as early as 6 months old. There are many categories to pass through, all while earning points. The more shows you compete in, the more chances you have of earning enough points and winning to progress to the next category. This is why you will find show dog people who have motor homes. They can transport their dogs and set up camp at nearby camp grounds for the weekend events. Days in the show arena are long days, sometimes 12 hours. It can be grueling, but very rewarding when all of your efforts pay off with a win. For those of you who are interested in finding out more about the show dog life, please contact the AKC at akc.org . There is also the UKC (United Kennel Club) which has different standards and events that may be more appealing. They can be reached at ukcdogs.com. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

**This episode is dedicated to Gary Flynn, all of the Task Forces deployed with their search and rescue canines, including Ohio Task Force 1, and those who perished on September 11, 2001. This is also dedicated to the dog handlers and emergency crews who continue to suffer from the trauma experienced during that time, and to their family members supporting the mental and health issues of their loved ones who continue to suffer. September 11 was the worst terrorist attack on U.S. soil. People were stunned and frightened as they watched the events unfold on their television screens. After the plot to destroy human lives and weaken American leadership had concluded on that horrific day, the largest call-up of emergency services occurred and FEMA task forces were deployed. One of the 26 FEMA task forces summoned was Gary Flynn and Ohio Task Force 1. I highly recommend listening to this podcast where Gary describes, in detail at times, how the events impacted him and his 5 year old Belgian Malinois, Tascha. To say that this was an emotional podcast is an understatement. In fact, words cannot describe adequately the plethora of information that Gary was willing to share. Therefore, I am only going to write about details in the best way possible to help break down the magnitude of that day, and the months and years to follow. This is also the platform where I can share photos that Gary took during his time there. Never did I think that I would meet and get to know someone who I could call my mentor and my friend, and someone who tirelessly worked at finding survivors with his personally trained professional dog. This was a war zone, no doubt about that. The way that Gary describes how he got the call while working his day job at BIOPLASTICS CO. in North Ridgeville, Ohio, is already uniquely different than the majority of us who watched the news that day in our homes. He was called up and ready to go like any soldier summoned to war. We all remember exactly where we were when we found out about the first plane slamming into the World Trade Center. None of us dreamt this was part of a much bigger plot to wreak devastation on a such a grand scale. We were able to watch the events on tv in the security of our homes. However, the first responders and those called up to search for survivors had to risk their lives and the lives of their beloved and highly trained canines. Out of the 72 people in Ohio deployed by FEMA, only 4 dog handlers and their canines were chosen to go. Three of the four handlers were from OSDA (Gary’s search and rescue dog agency). The fourth handler, Terry Trepanier was a veteran firefighter and paramedic from Washington Township, shown in the picture below with his dog Woody. There were many more qualified people ready and willing to go serve, but were not chosen by the federal government to assist. FEMA plans for disasters similar to this and whatever they decide is not to be debated or contested. Gary talks about how much the love and support from those not selected to go was an immeasurable support system while being there. FEMA requested that the canines to be deployed be live human finds only. Gary had a cadaver dog, Felix, fully trained and ready to go, but that was not what was needed from Ohio Task Force 1. There were Task Forces from other states who received the order for trained cadaver dogs. However, Gary’s dog Tascha, exhibited an aversive behavior whenever she would come across cadaver parts. She would shrug her body in such a way that it was almost an actual alert signal. Gary had specifically trained her to go past any cadavers and only focus on the live human scent. Gary and Tascha worked 12 hour shifts, but it never ended at the 12th hour. If they were commanded to search a specific area of “the pile” (which was approximately 40 stories high) and they kept finding more openings within that pile to investigate, they did not quit just because their shift was up. They continued until there was no more area left to search . If it required to rappel blindly into a dark hole, then that’s what they did. Sending his dog in first with no leash and no collar to find survivors caused fear and anxiety that cannot be verbally described. “I can tell you what it was like, but I have no way to tell you how it feels” Gary Flynn Gary and Tasha weren’t always working the pile. Sometimes they were commanded to search the surrounding buildings. A badly damaged structure assigned to Gary and Tascha was the Merrill Lynch Financial Center, pictured below. They had to climb 51 flights of stairs with no lights to guide them and search every inch for survivors. What they found was mostly plane pieces, cadavers, luggage and clothes. Gary says that the job always starts from the top on down, instead of the other way around. That way, when you are all done with the search, you can just exit the building. One of my questions to Gary was about using protective gear for himself and his dog. Gary had all the protective gear needed for a toxic environment like the one at Ground Zero. He knew what he could be exposed to because he was a certified environmental hazard specialist. However, the protective gear got in the way when navigating through narrow passages with sharp objects all around. He wished he could have worn the gear all the time, but it wasn’t feasible. Tasha did not wear any boots for her paws. She managed okay without them. She did endure a large burned area on her chest, not from direct fire, but from abrasions caused by squeezing in between and crawling through so much rubble. The wound healed up, but the fur never grew back. She lived until the ripe old age of 17. She was a cancer survivor on top of all that. It was too difficult to say that the cancer was due to her exposure to chemicals at Ground Zero, but living 13 years after the event is pretty astonishing! Gary is beyond grateful to the Veterinary Medical Assistance Teams dispatched by FEMA to Ground Zero to provide medical care to the hundreds of search and rescue dogs on site. Tascha became dehydrated to the point where she needed to have intravenous fluids pumped into her. The VMAT teams provided the prompt assistance required to get Tascha back on her paws again. Another question I asked Gary was if dogs experience PTSD. He believes they do but it is because those dogs were not properly trained or they were not the type of dog that could handle the stress from search and rescue work. Just like not all dogs make good service dogs, not all dogs are cut out to make effective search and rescue dogs. The stamina and prolonged self motivation required for this kind of work is not present in all dogs. The dogs who have been correctly trained succeed and love what they do. Their handlers reward them with play time whenever they can sneak in a few minutes of downtime. Sometimes, due to the tasks at hand, the only reward was their handler’s voice praising them. Other times, down time meant rest time. Catching a few Z’s had to be squeezed in there too! Another amazing feature of the search and rescue dog is their ability to provide loving and caring support to their handlers and emergency staff members. Gary said there were plenty of them crying into their beloved dog’s fur. Dogs provide comfort that humans cannot. It’s just different. Gary is eternally grateful to so many people, but most importantly, his wife and young daughter. Returning from any search and rescue mission is difficult to resume a normal routine, but coming back home from Ground Zero was especially challenging. The trauma of seeing so much death and destruction can make it hard to carry on. Gary encourages anyone experiencing trauma to seek help. PTSD manifests itself in so many disguising ways. Seeking professional help is crucial to learning how to resume mundane chores and a “normal” lifestyle. You want things to be the way they were, but it’s impossible when you have changed because of this traumatic event in your life. I want to extend my humble and sincere gratitude to Gary for giving me the opportunity to talk about such an emotional subject. I feel deeply that our paths crossed at Petco because as fate would have it, one day I would have the platform for him to share his experience with all of you. So many people suffered, and sadly still suffer, from that sunny fall day 24 years ago that suddenly turned dark. Please be kind to all people. You don’t know what their story is. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Search and Rescue dogs are highly trained canines used to locate missing people and their personal items at disaster sites either natural or man-made, crime scenes, and terrorist attacks. Dogs possess the ability to pick up different scents that humans and technology cannot. They travel faster than humans when navigating through rough terrain, which speeds up the process of finding missing individuals. Time is of the essence when working a search and rescue mission. Every minute counts when dealing with life and death. Human emotions can be highly charged during these missions. Therefore, professional search and rescue organizations must maintain a sense of calm and control while adhering to local, state and federal standards. Gary Flynn, owner and head handler for The Dog Advocate in Vermilion, Ohio, has been passionate about working with dogs since his time in the military. His training as an infantryman taught him how to navigate in the wilderness. This highly refined skill became very useful when he started working with Georgia Canine Search and Rescue while stationed at Fort Benning. Land navigation skills are extremely useful while working on a mission that may last days, even weeks. Sometimes these search and rescue missions will take crews into the woods or disaster sites where there are no well defined exits. The crews have to figure out how to navigate through it without getting lost. Before cell phone and GPS technology, search and rescue missions were even more challenging. Gary used his land navigation skills and applied them to become an extremely qualified and well sought after search and rescue handler. Upon Gary’s discharge from the military, he moved back to familiar territory in Vermilion, Ohio. He knew he wanted to become a professional search and rescue canine handler. He contacted Benji McPeak who owned and operated Firelands Kennels. Benji was a police dog trainer who also trained wannabe professional handlers like Gary. Benji had contracts to train dogs for the Ohio State Police, numerous sheriff departments, and even police departments that had their own canine programs. Gary started training dogs in junkyards searching for various items and conducting car searches for drugs. However, what really sparked his interest was training cadaver dogs - placing cadaver parts in different areas for training purposes for the dog to find. One of the most important lessons that Gary learned was how to shape dogs into performing desired behaviors. It takes a skillful eye to piece together the deliberate behavior conditioning by the handler with what the dog does naturally. Reading the dog accurately was key to developing the most effective and reliable professional dog. Taking this skillset and applying it to searching for humans, dead or alive, became one of Gary’s specialties. He trained his dog to be a cadaver dog. He used this skill many times when doing area searches of collapsed buildings, floods, tornadoes and other natural disasters. Gary discovered that how he trained dogs to alert him to dead or live finds was different than a fellow canine handler for the Ohio State Patrol. Gary trained his imported German Shepherd, Iren, to alert him to a deceased body by running back to him, bark 4-5 times, and then run back and forth between him and the deceased. If the body was alive, she was trained to run to Gary, run back to the person, and stay there and bark. This was vital later on when Gary had his own search and rescue agency and he got a call from a homicide detective for the State Bureau of Investigation (SBI) who was trying to solve a missing persons case. Sometimes Gary was called to help solve cold cases. There was a possibility that by using one of his dog’s keen sense of smell and method of alerting, some of the SBI’s cold cases would result in closure. One of those cases was a deathbed confession. The murderer told his wife where the body was. Then, the wife was dying and told their daughter. So many years had passed, so the credibility of this confession was suspect. However, the daughter did the right thing and contacted the police. The police made contact with the new owners of her parent’s house. Then, Gary and his cadaver dog, two forensic anthropologists and a coroner showed up. Bingo! The remains were there and the identity of the deceased was verified. Another pertinent lesson that Gary learned while working for Benji was how to keep a dog engaged with their handler and remain focused with the task at hand for a prolonged period of time. This is the foundation for building the motivation and drive which is required in professional dogs. A tremendous amount of time is spent teaching the dog not to give up. Providing the appropriate rewards and the timing of it is also extremely important to achieve this. As a professional handler, Gary believes everything he does is intentional. The dogs must be worked in every type of situation imaginable so they ignore the bunny that runs in front of them and continue to search for people or articles of clothing. They have to ignore the juicy cheeseburger on the ground and be motivated enough to stay on course. Many times the dogs are out of the handler’s sight, so it is crucial to work with them in all scenarios in order to ensure they stay on task. I believe this lesson can be applied on a much smaller scale to every dog owner who wants to train their dogs to do a certain behavior. You have to make it exciting and fun for the dog with plenty of rewards to keep your dog engaged. Otherwise, the dog will wander off mentally and physically because you are not providing enough excitement to keep them interested. I had the privilege to work with one of Gary’s professional dogs named Abby. First, Gary demonstrated how he worked Abby through the different stages of escalating her drives. Once he got her to where she needed to be, he had me copy him. I put the bite sleeve on my arm and shouted out the German commands for her to run towards me, no leash, no collar, and bite my sleeve. I was not scared because I trusted Gary and knew previously how well controlled Abby was. Since it was my first time wearing a bite sleeve, I was hesitant and not confident enough. I couldn’t get Abby to respond in the same way that Gary could. Gary told me that I wasn’t all in. I needed to be 100% committed in order for Abby not to be confused with what I was trying to achieve and then stop working for me. I tried again and did better, but I definitely needed practice! This is exactly what Benji taught Gary and Gary taught other handlers. The easy part is shaping the dog’s behavior. The hard part is teaching the handler to trust their dog and maintain prolonged engagement with them. Benji introduced Gary to North American Police Work Dog Association (NAPWADA) and North American Search Dog Network (NASDN). These organizations established a working standard for all police work dog handlers and trainers through an accreditation program. There are standards for tracking article search, area search and human remains detection. Any evidence that could be presented in court had to adhere to strict standards so as not to corrupt a crime scene. Gary even brought his dog into court to prove the reliability of their results. As far as search and rescue missions were concerned, Gary started noticing the lack of standards in place that was prohibiting the expediency and efficiency of conducting and completing a mission. The issue of liability was emerging and the last thing Gary wanted was for him or his co-workers to be sued by individuals because the integrity of the mission was compromised. This was the motivation for Gary to form his own search and rescue agency, Ohio Search Dog Agency, which still exists today. The impetus to follow through with Gary’s desire to form his own search and rescue agency was when he received 3 calls to find missing searchers in the same county. Gary realized that not all search and rescue handlers had the same land navigation skillset he did. There was no requirement to be trained in that and no guidelines to be certified in wilderness first aid. Being a paramedic is a great foundation for what may be expected of a handler while being deployed on a mission, but it is not the same as wilderness first aid. Injuries from a tornado are different than injuries from a flood or a terrorist attack such as Ground Zero on 9/11. Search and rescue is not just about the dog sniffing out and finding missing humans. It’s also about getting the proper education required, knowing the standards and most importantly, knowing your dog . Lack of resources, lack of egress, and the undefined time spent searching, are all factors that weed out the professionally trained handlers from the volunteer handlers. Gary understands that people want to volunteer their dog during times of disasters. Their hearts are in the right place, but due to their lack of professional training, they get in the way and can become a liability. Gary suggests to people who want to become handlers of search and rescue dogs to contact their local Emergency Management Agency and inquire about trainers with credentials and experience in search and rescue in their area. Start your way down the chain of command instead of the other way around. There are too many organizations who claim they are search and rescue experts but they are not. Make sure you weed them out from the real professionals. Some of the individuals Gary was introduced to when he worked for Benji would become invaluable assets to him when he formed his own search and rescue agency in the 90s called Ohio Search Dog Association, He decided to contact three people he thought would work well together in this new venture. One of them was John Macioce, who had a lot of experience working with professional dogs with Benji like Gary did. Another person was Mike Palumbo, who was the deputy for Union County sheriff’s department. Mike showed and trained labs but did not really have working dog experience. Lastly, Gary contacted Kelly Clark who had been to dog training school in Columbus and went on to work for the city of Oregon, Ohio police department. All four of them signed on the dotted line and Gary filed the paperwork to become the statutory agent for the Ohio Search Dog Association. Gary insured all his dogs which is very important when working treacherous search areas. This was another aspect of setting up a professional and vetted agency. Gary continued to make connections in Ohio with various police departments, the FBI and SBI. He even had equine teams, dive teams and ground teams to help with search and rescue missions. He was also evaluating dogs and handlers because there can never be enough qualified search and rescue dog handlers. As his reputation grew, police departments sought out Gary’s knowledge and expertise. “Success is growing it past you” - Gary Flynn When Gary heard Ohio may be getting a Task Force that was regulated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), a federal governmental agency, he wanted his team of handlers to be a part of it. He started working dogs in rubble and all sorts of common situations where Task Forces are deployed. They were called on natural disasters and then the ultimate disaster of September 11, 2001. My next episode with Gary will be released on that memorable date, 9/11/25, which will be an episode you won’t want to miss. He will recount his experience with his Belgian Malinois, Tascha at Ground Zero. Three of the four federally deployed dogs at Ground Zero were from Gary’s Task Force 1. I will include pictures that Gary has allowed me to share with you. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com

Canine Companions is one of the premier service dog organizations in the United States. They provide dogs to people with disabilities free of charge. One of the clients who applied for a Canine Companions service dog is Jim Turner. Jim has a hearing dog named Koogle, who helps him navigate his daily life with confidence and independence. I had the privilege of talking to Jim with Koogle by his side, and saw first hand how Koogle assists Jim as his link to the world of sound. Jim was diagnosed with bilateral neurosensory hearing loss during a company physical exam when he was in his forties. His wife, Kathleen, thought he had selective hearing and was sometimes ignoring her. It is a hereditary condition which worsens over time. Since then, he has been wearing hearing aids. Jim’s hearing challenges are defined by the limitations of not being able to hear the upper half of the frequency range that humans normally hear. Smoke detectors, doorbells, microwave alarms are all very challenging for Jim because even his hearing aids do not pick up that frequency. Also, when Jim is in a crowd of people, it is difficult to hear, especially when his name is being called amongst all that background noise. Jim and Kathleen were familiar with Canine Companions because they were already puppy raisers for the organization. Volunteers like Jim and his wife, agree to raise the puppies provided to them by selected breeders from 8 weeks to 16-18 months old until they go on to professional training. (Please refer to my previous post with Staicey Sholtz dated 8/5/25 for more details about puppy raisers). Jim was being encouraged by his close friends in the Canine Companions community to get a service dog. He didn’t feel that his hearing loss was that bad to warrant one. He wanted the service dogs to be reserved for people who were deaf. An event in his life changed his mind. One day, his wife was working in the kitchen and hurt herself. She was bleeding and calling Jim for help. Jim was only 10 feet away in another room and had no clue he was being called. He didn’t hear her pleas for help. That day he applied for a service dog. Jim filled out an application online at Canine Companions’ website: canine.org. Applicants are prompted to describe their disability and how they could benefit from a service dog. The organization then reaches out to them for an initial interview. There is a space to write about your lifestyle - what your interests are, if you are an active or sedentary person. In Jim’s case, he had to provide a medical recommendation from his audiologist about hearing limitations. Canine Companions wants to ensure that the request is not only warranted, but also to match up the right dog with each applicant. This entire process can take up to two years. Jim is a retired geologist. He had an illustrious career in the oil and gas industry and was part of a team who located oil and gas under ground. The first day of Jim’s retirement, at age 63, was the day he started his team training with Koogle. It was meant to be! Part of the process of getting a service dog from Canine Companions is to go to one of their training facilities to be matched up with your personal service dog. At the time, Jim and Kathleen were living in Houston, Texas. The closest training facility was located in Oceanside, California. This is where he completed his two week team training, referred to as “rotations”. There were 7 applicants and 8 dogs. All of the applicants practiced handling each one of the dogs. The professional trainers who spend 6 months with these dogs make their observations and match up the best dog for each applicant. The “extra” dog remains at the training facility and is the first one in the next rotation to be matched up with the next group of applicants. After several days, Jim was matched with Koogle. Jim said it was like magic how accurately the teams were put together so perfectly. Koogle is a six year old Labrador Retriever Cross. His mother is 50% Lab/50% Golden Retriever and his father is 100% Lab. Canine Companions select breeders who must meet certain standards. Koogle’s breeder was the caretaker of Koogle’s mother and had the privilege of naming one of the puppies in the litter. Canine Companions have restrictions for naming the puppies so that the names are appropriate and not repetitive. Koogle’s breeder/caretaker’s maiden name was Koogle. What a great way to honor her late father. During Jim’s two week stay at the training facility, he learned many cues that were taught to Koogle. The trainers tailored certain cues according to Jim’s hearing loss needs. He learned protocols for socializing Koogle such as making sure Koogle wears his Canine Companions vest and what he should do when approached by people who want to greet Koogle. The first six months, Jim was to be the only person to give Koogle food. He was instructed to notify close friends and relatives about how important the first six months were and to abide by Jim’s rules so as to not disrupt any training Koogle had received up to this point. Canine Companions wants to assure that the bonding between their client and the dog remains intact. The Americans With Disabilities Act does not require any labeling or vests for service dogs. Canine Companions require their dogs to wear a vest which you will see in some of the pictures below. Wearing a vest helps Jim notify the public that Koogle is a service dog. He found it useful to have “Please Ask To Pet” sewn on to it. Like most dogs, Koogle loves people and would love to greet everybody he meets. However, every time he says hello to people, he is no longer working for Jim during that interaction. It is out of respect for the handler of any dog, let alone a service dog, that they be asked first to greet their dog. Koogle was trained to perform many different tasks to assist Jim in his everyday life. When he hears an alarm, a doorbell, or Jim’s name being called, he is to find Jim, nudge him with his nose, Jim tells him, “Good, Koogle what?”and Koogle takes him to where the sound is. However, if it is a smoke alarm, Koogle will still nudge Jim, but instead of taking him to the noise, he lays down. So, whenever Jim sees Koogle lay down after being nudged, he knows to get out of the building they are in. Koogle was also trained to do standard service dog tasks such as turning on and off lights and opening and closing drawers. He can even jump up and push the accessibility button to open doors in public places. One intangible benefit that Jim did not expect to experience with a hearing dog was the acceptance of having a hearing disability. For example, Koogle gives Jim the confidence he needs when trying to have a conversation with someone in a crowded environment. Background noise impedes the ability to hear well. He is more apt to tell a stranger to repeat themselves because he has a hearing disability when Koogle is by his side. Jim’s wife was very excited to have a hearing dog in the house so she didn’t feel she always had to be Jim’s ears. Koogle relieves her of knowing that when she is not with Jim, the dog can alert him, if needed. Even something as simple as dropping his keys and not hearing that sound, Koogle can stop Jim by nudging him and taking him to where he heard the keys drop. This gives his wife a lot of reassurance that he will manage well when going out of the house. Jim believes there are two aspects to being a service dog. One is the ability to perform the tasks they were trained to do as demonstrated in the video above. That’s the easy part! The other part is that the dogs need to be calm and manageable in public. This is attributed to the puppy raisers who properly socialize them while they are in their care. The other part of being calm is the temperament of the dog. This speaks to the breeding of these dogs. For example, if a dog is too hyper or has a high prey drive, Canine Companions breeders will not breed that dog. In both podcast videos of Staicey Sholtz and Jim Turner, their dogs remained laying down until they were called to do a task. Although the dogs look like they are sleeping, they always have an ear out for noises that change in their environment or that could possibly harm them. This auditory instinct allows them to differentiate between familiar voices and changes in the intensity of those voices which will wake them up in case they need to act on them. Their dogs are trained to be ready for action as soon as they hear their name being called. Jim meets people out in public who either have service dogs they paid a lot of money for, or who tried to train their own dog only to find out that it didn’t work out for numerous reasons. Sadly, there is plenty of fraud in the service dog field. Organizations will claim they can train your dog to become a service dog, but are not qualified to do so. They also do not have the standards required to be an effective service dog. Canine Companions is a well known and trusted service dog organization yielding qualified dogs and plenty of satisfied clients. There is so much that goes into training service dogs above and beyond just training the standard tasks. If a dog is fearful or even mildly aggressive with certain triggers, this can present problems. Professional trainers can work on these issues with the dogs, but it can slow down the timeline required to place these dogs with applicants. My dog, Ebi, could make a great service dog, but she is too big and too hairy! Also, I have come across some people who are afraid to meet her because of her size, or they are cautious because they don’t know what breed she is. Labs are a great size and can fit under tables at restaurants or places of business. They don’t drool, and have a very inviting look. They are famous for being friendly dogs. They do shed but their fur is not long and fluffy like a Golden Retriever’s. Since service dogs are allowed anywhere that humans are except in sterile environments, this is very important. Koogle is 6 years old and will work for Jim until he retires around 10 years old. Canine Companions requests their clients to make out a retirement plan for their dogs when they reach 8 years old. If the dog is showing signs of slowing down or having difficulty with performing their tasks, it may be time for retiring the dog. However, there are some clients who have their dog work almost right up to the day they pass. As long as the quality of life remains intact and the dog is happy performing their tasks, this can be an option. Since it can take up to two years to apply for and get a dog from Canine Companions, it is recommended to submit the application for a “successor dog” two years prior to retirement. Jim plans to apply for his next dog when Koogle turns 8 years old. This way, by the time he gets him/her, Koogle will be 10 and can enjoy his senior years just being a dog. It will be strange for Jim having a new hearing dog while knowing that Koogle is still with him. Currently, Jim and his wife are raising a puppy for Canine Companions named 50. This name was chosen to commemorate 50 years of providing dogs to those in need. They also have another dog that was a professional dog training school dropout with the organization named Alex Seven. All three dogs live harmoniously in the same house and provide lots of playtime and companionship during Koogle’s free time. September is National Service Dog month, Jim and Koogle are big Cleveland Guardians fans. On September 8, 2025, the Guardians will host “Bark in the Park”. Canine Companions has made arrangements with other MLB teams to participate in events to raise awareness and funds. I know you will want more information about Canine Companions, so please visit their website: canine.org. Thanks for reading From A Dog’s Eye View! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit canineconcierge.substack.com